Estimation of plasma TGF-β1 after intra-articular platelet rich plasma injection in-patient with anterior disc displacement with intermittent locking of TMJ disorder.

Abstract

Objective: Aim: To evaluate plasma levels of TGF-β1 and the clinical impact of platelet-rich plasma injections on mandibular opening and pain in patients with anterior disc displacement and intermittent locking.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven temporomandibular disorder patients, diagnosed by oral medicine specialists, received three intra-articular PRP injections over three months, with evaluations conducted two weeks after the final injection. Plasma TGF-β1 levels were measured before and after treatment, with visual analog scale pain scores and mouth opening measurements.

Results: Results: Results showed that the mean plasma TGF-β1 level in temporomandibular disorder patients increased significantly from (312.6 pg/ml ± 67.96) before PRP injection to (400.4 pg/ml± 108.51) after PRP injection. Platelet-rich plasma-treated patients also experienced a significant reduction in Visual Analogue Scale scores, which decreased from (6.21 ± 0.95) to (0.78 ± 0.79), with improved range of mouth opening after PRP injection.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma injections effectively increased plasma TGF-β1 levels, reduced pain intensity, and improved mandibular opening range in temporomandibular disorder patients.