Pre-Pregnancy Diet and/or Physical Activity Interventions for the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q3 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Amanda J Poprzeczny, Megan Mitchell, Andrea R Deussen, Nahal Habibi, Tin Oi Cheung, Jessica A Grieger
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Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with short- and long-term adverse health outcomes for women and their infants. Antenatal diet and/or physical activity interventions have not been effective at preventing GDM, and currently, it is not clear whether intervening similarly prior to pregnancy is beneficial.

Aims: This review aims to evaluate the impact of pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions on rates of GDM and other maternal and infant health outcomes.

Methods: A systematic literature search of the online databases Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid MEDLINE and CINAHL was conducted from inception to 7 February 2023. All randomised controlled trials comparing pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions with standard care or control were included. Data were extracted by two reviewers independently, and meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to calculate summary effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals. The primary outcome was GDM. Five randomised trials assessing pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions (n = 1924 women) were included.

Results: Pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions were not associated with a significant difference in rates of GDM (2 studies; n = 214; RR 1.19, 95% CI 0.81, 1.75). There were no statistically significant differences for any of the secondary maternal or infant outcomes reported. There was significant heterogeneity between studies with regard to type, duration and intensity of the pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions.

Conclusions: There was no evidence that pre-pregnancy diet and/or physical activity interventions reduced the risk for GDM or other adverse maternal and infant outcomes.

孕前饮食和/或身体活动干预预防妊娠期糖尿病:系统综述和荟萃分析
背景:妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)与妇女及其婴儿的短期和长期不良健康结局相关。产前饮食和/或身体活动干预在预防GDM方面没有效果,目前尚不清楚在怀孕前进行类似干预是否有益。目的:本综述旨在评估孕前饮食和/或身体活动干预对GDM发生率和其他母婴健康结局的影响。方法:系统检索Embase、Pubmed、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials、Ovid MEDLINE和CINAHL在线数据库,检索时间为2023年2月7日。所有比较孕前饮食和/或身体活动干预与标准护理或对照的随机对照试验均纳入其中。数据由两位评论者独立提取,并使用随机效应模型进行meta分析,以计算总效应估计值和95%置信区间。主要终点为GDM。纳入了5项评估孕前饮食和/或体育活动干预的随机试验(n = 1924名妇女)。结果:孕前饮食和/或体育活动干预与GDM发生率的显著差异无关(2项研究;n = 214;Rr 1.19, 95% ci 0.81, 1.75)。报告的任何二次产妇或婴儿结局没有统计学上的显著差异。在孕前饮食和/或身体活动干预的类型、持续时间和强度方面,研究之间存在显著的异质性。结论:没有证据表明孕前饮食和/或身体活动干预降低了GDM或其他不良母婴结局的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
11.80%
发文量
165
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (ANZJOG) is an editorially independent publication owned by the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG) and the RANZCOG Research foundation. ANZJOG aims to provide a medium for the publication of original contributions to clinical practice and/or research in all fields of obstetrics and gynaecology and related disciplines. Articles are peer reviewed by clinicians or researchers expert in the field of the submitted work. From time to time the journal will also publish printed abstracts from the RANZCOG Annual Scientific Meeting and meetings of relevant special interest groups, where the accepted abstracts have undergone the journals peer review acceptance process.
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