The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Long-Term Mortality Associated With Exposure to PM_2.5: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 3.5 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS Pub Date : 2025-03-26 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/phrs.2025.1607290

Henrik Olstrup, Wasif Raza, Johan Nilsson Sommar, Hans Orru

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Abstract

Objectives: Socioeconomic status (SES) is in many cases related to air pollution exposure, but less is known about its effects on susceptibility to air pollution. The main aim of this study was to analyse the impact of SES on health effects associated with exposure to fine particles (PM_2.5).

Methods: Firstly, a systematic literature review of studies analysing the impacts of SES on health effects related to air pollution exposure was carried out. Secondly, a meta-analysis was performed by analysing studies on long-term mortality associated with exposure to PM_2.5 divided into different SES groups.

Results: The meta-analysis showed that the relative risk (RR) for all-cause mortality associated with PM_2.5 did not depend on individual education or income. It also revealed that adjustment for individual lifestyle factors (such as smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, eating behaviours, and body mass index), in addition to adjustment for SES, did not significantly change the RR.

Conclusion: The association between all-cause mortality and PM_2.5 did not depend on education or individual income. Due to the high heterogeneity observed, further studies are required to draw firm conclusions.

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社会经济因素对PM2.5暴露相关长期死亡率的影响：系统文献综述和荟萃分析。

目的：社会经济地位（SES）在许多情况下与空气污染暴露有关，但对其对空气污染易感性的影响知之甚少。本研究的主要目的是分析与暴露于细颗粒物（PM2.5）相关的SES对健康影响的影响。方法：首先，对分析SES对空气污染暴露相关健康影响的研究进行系统文献综述。其次，将PM2.5暴露相关的长期死亡率研究分为不同的SES组，进行了荟萃分析。结果：荟萃分析显示，与PM2.5相关的全因死亡率的相对风险（RR）与个人教育或收入无关。研究还显示，个人生活方式因素（如吸烟、饮酒、体育活动、饮食行为和体重指数）的调整，以及社会经济地位的调整，并没有显著改变RR。结论：全因死亡率与PM2.5之间的关系不取决于教育程度或个人收入。由于观察到的高度异质性，需要进一步的研究来得出确切的结论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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