Steroid-Induced Ocular Hypertension in Children: A Review on Risk Factors.

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 OPHTHALMOLOGY
Sebastian Lacau, Alejandro Marin, Elena Bitrian
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: Steroid-induced ocular hypertension is poorly understood in children, despite its frequent occurrence. Significant knowledge voids exist in steroid responsiveness, especially in the pediatric population. Therefore, highlighting the most critical risk factors in pediatric patients can help ophthalmologists identify who is at increased risk of developing a high steroid response.

Methods: A manual search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar in search of relevant articles on the steroid-induced glaucoma subtopic.

Results: Key risk factors for high steroid response include glaucoma family history, previous glaucoma diagnosis, young age, steroid type, administration route, and diseases such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and uveitis. Clinically, it presents similarly to primary glaucoma, except for steroid usage history. Steroid cessation or reduction can normalize intraocular pressure (IOP) levels; however, in some cases, pressure-lowering drugs are necessary for treatment.

Conclusion: Topical ocular steroids are frequently used by pediatricians and ophthalmologists alike. Understanding the importance of risk factors allows for a timely diagnosis of steroid response and adequate treatment before glaucomatous vision loss can occur.

儿童类固醇性高眼压:危险因素综述。
目的:尽管儿童类固醇性高眼压的发生率很高,但人们对其了解甚少。在类固醇反应性方面存在显著的知识空白,特别是在儿科人群中。因此,强调儿科患者中最关键的危险因素可以帮助眼科医生确定谁有发生高类固醇反应的风险增加。方法:人工检索PubMed和谷歌Scholar,检索类固醇性青光眼子主题的相关文章。结果:青光眼家族史、既往青光眼诊断、年龄、类固醇类型、给药途径以及春性角膜结膜炎(VKC)和葡萄膜炎等疾病是青光眼高反应的关键危险因素。临床表现与原发性青光眼相似,但有类固醇使用史。停用或减少类固醇可使眼压(IOP)水平恢复正常;然而,在某些情况下,降压药物对治疗是必要的。结论:儿科医生和眼科医生都经常使用局部眼类固醇。了解危险因素的重要性有助于在青光眼视力丧失发生之前及时诊断类固醇反应并进行适当的治疗。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
4.30%
发文量
72
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics is the only peer-reviewed journal that combines the fields of ophthalmology and pharmacology to enable optimal treatment and prevention of ocular diseases and disorders. The Journal delivers the latest discoveries in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of therapeutics for the treatment of ophthalmic disorders. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics coverage includes: Glaucoma Cataracts Retinal degeneration Ocular infection, trauma, and toxicology Ocular drug delivery and biotransformation Ocular pharmacotherapy/clinical trials Ocular inflammatory and immune disorders Gene and cell-based therapies Ocular metabolic disorders Ocular ischemia and blood flow Proliferative disorders of the eye Eyes on Drug Discovery - written by Gary D. Novack, PhD, featuring the latest updates on drug and device pipeline developments as well as policy/regulatory changes by the FDA.
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