Anatomical Variations and Morphometry of Carotid Sinus: A Computed Tomography Study.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q2 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Tomography Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI:10.3390/tomography11040045

Noor Fazaldad, Srinivasa Rao Sirasanagandla, Anwar Al-Shuaili, Sreenivasulu Reddy Mogali, Ramya Chandrasekaran, Humoud Al Dhuhli, Eiman Al-Ajmi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The radiological evaluation of the carotid sinus (CS) anatomy and its morphometry is essentially important for various surgical procedures involving the carotid bifurcation and the CS itself. Despite its tremendous clinical significance, studies dealing with the CS anatomy are seldom reported. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the frequencies of the CS positional variants and their morphometry and correlate them with age and body mass index (BMI).

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, a total of 754 disease-free carotid arteries were examined using computed tomography angiography scans to determine the CS positional variations (such as types I to III) and its morphometry, including the CS diameter and length. Additionally, the association between these parameters and factors such as sex, age, and body mass index were explored using appropriate statistical tests. The inter-rater agreement of the collected dataset was evaluated using Cohen's Kappa.

Results: The CS type I was observed in 87.67% of the cases, and type II and type III were observed at lower frequencies with 9.02% and 3.32%, respectively. There were statistically significant (p < 0.001) differences observed in the mean diameter and length of the sinus between the sex and the type I CS variations. However, there was no significant and strong correlation between the age and BMI factors with sinus length and sinus diameter. The kappa values for inter-rater agreement ranged from 0.77 to 0.99 for all parameters.

Conclusions: In type I, the CS length and carotid vessel's diameter is significantly different between the sexes. However, age and BMI do not affect the CS anatomy in radiologically disease-free carotid arteries. Knowledge of the CS variant anatomy is clinically significant as it influences the patients' surgical and physiological outcomes.

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颈动脉窦的解剖变异和形态测量：一项计算机断层扫描研究。

背景：颈动脉窦（CS）解剖及其形态测量学的放射学评估对于涉及颈动脉分叉和CS本身的各种外科手术至关重要。尽管其具有巨大的临床意义，但涉及CS解剖的研究很少报道。因此，本研究旨在评估CS位置变异的频率及其形态，并将其与年龄和体重指数（BMI）联系起来。方法：在这项回顾性横断面研究中，使用计算机断层扫描血管造影检查了754条无病颈动脉，以确定颈动脉的位置变化（如I型至III型）及其形态测定，包括颈动脉直径和长度。此外，使用适当的统计检验探讨了这些参数与性别、年龄和体重指数等因素之间的关系。使用Cohen's Kappa评估所收集数据集的评分者间一致性。结果：CS I型占87.67%，II型和III型发生率较低，分别为9.02%和3.32%。鼻窦的平均直径和长度在性别和I型CS变异之间有统计学意义（p < 0.001）。而年龄、BMI等因素与窦长、窦径的相关性不明显。各参数间一致性kappa值为0.77 ~ 0.99。结论：在I型患者中，颈动脉长度和颈动脉直径在性别间存在显著差异。然而，年龄和BMI不影响无病变颈动脉的CS解剖。CS变异解剖的知识在临床上具有重要意义，因为它会影响患者的手术和生理结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Tomography Medicine-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

10.50%

发文量

222

期刊介绍： TomographyTM publishes basic (technical and pre-clinical) and clinical scientific articles which involve the advancement of imaging technologies. Tomography encompasses studies that use single or multiple imaging modalities including for example CT, US, PET, SPECT, MR and hyperpolarization technologies, as well as optical modalities (i.e. bioluminescence, photoacoustic, endomicroscopy, fiber optic imaging and optical computed tomography) in basic sciences, engineering, preclinical and clinical medicine. Tomography also welcomes studies involving exploration and refinement of contrast mechanisms and image-derived metrics within and across modalities toward the development of novel imaging probes for image-based feedback and intervention. The use of imaging in biology and medicine provides unparalleled opportunities to noninvasively interrogate tissues to obtain real-time dynamic and quantitative information required for diagnosis and response to interventions and to follow evolving pathological conditions. As multi-modal studies and the complexities of imaging technologies themselves are ever increasing to provide advanced information to scientists and clinicians. Tomography provides a unique publication venue allowing investigators the opportunity to more precisely communicate integrated findings related to the diverse and heterogeneous features associated with underlying anatomical, physiological, functional, metabolic and molecular genetic activities of normal and diseased tissue. Thus Tomography publishes peer-reviewed articles which involve the broad use of imaging of any tissue and disease type including both preclinical and clinical investigations. In addition, hardware/software along with chemical and molecular probe advances are welcome as they are deemed to significantly contribute towards the long-term goal of improving the overall impact of imaging on scientific and clinical discovery.