Epidemiology and perioperative factors contributing to postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: a retrospective Chinese study.
Yuxiao Zhan, Yang Yang, Jian Zhang, Rui Yang, Guojun Zhang
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Despite the existent studies investigating the risk factors for postoperative pneumonia (POP) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the comprehensive understanding of POP is constrained by the scarcity of epidemiological data.
Objective: To investigate the epidemiology and contributing factors of POP in patients undergoing isolated CABG, and establish a prediction model.
Design: A single center, retrospective case-control study.
Setting: Seven cardiovascular surgery wards across three campuses of a large general hospital in Henan Province, Mid-China.
Participants: Patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent isolated CABG between January 1, 2020 and November 30, 2023.
Methods: Univariate and multivariate analyses with restricted cubic splines (RCS) were performed to identify factors that independently contributed to POP and explore the potential nonlinear relationships. The prediction model was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
Results: POP occurred in 11.34% of patients (518/4569). A total of 416 pathogenic strains were isolated from 381 patients, predominantly Gram-negative bacteria (86.5%). Pathogen distribution varied annually and quarterly. Multivariate analyses indicated that age, diabetes mellitus, smoking, operative duration, red blood cell transfusion, and duration of mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with higher POP risk, whereas higher hemoglobin and total cholesterol levels indicated a reduced likelihood. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between operative duration and POP. The prediction model demonstrated a high predictive value (C-statistic: 0.774, 95% CI: 0.735-0.813).
Conclusions: This study identified eight independent factors that significantly influence the risk of POP following CABG, thereby clarifying the direction for optimizing perioperative prevention strategies for POP.
期刊介绍：
Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology provides original, peer-reviewed scientific articles for anyone involved with an infection control or epidemiology program in a hospital or healthcare facility. Written by infection control practitioners and epidemiologists and guided by an editorial board composed of the nation''s leaders in the field, ICHE provides a critical forum for this vital information.
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