Analysis of generational traits and intergenerational dynamics in the nursing workforce in Italy.

Abstract

Background: Italy's ageing healthcare workforce has led to a demographic imbalance where older nurses (aged 50 years and above) outnumber younger colleagues (aged under 35 years). This has created challenges in intergenerational teamwork and knowledge transfer.

Aim: To understand how generational differences influence nursing practice, specifically regarding fostering collaboration and improving patient care.

Methods: This quantitative study surveyed 889 Italian nurses using a self-reported questionnaire, the Multidimensional Nursing Generations Questionnaire (MNGQ). The study analysed generational differences across key dimensions, including adaptability, intergenerational conflict, patient safety perspectives and teamwork.

Findings: The analysis identified significant generational differences. Younger nurses (Generation Y and Generation Z) reported higher levels of conflict compared to Baby Boomers and Generation X. Younger generations perceived themselves as more adaptable than older colleagues. Baby Boomers and Generation X scored higher than Generation Y (P=0.038) and Generation Z (P=0.027) on patient safety perspectives. Younger nurses reported more complex interactions with colleagues, reflected in higher scores. No statistically significant differences were observed across generations regarding how they worked in a team. Younger generations showed a higher inclination for work engagement compared to Baby Boomers.

Conclusions: Generational differences among Italian nurses influence perceptions of key aspects of nursing practice, particularly adaptability, patient safety and intergenerational dynamics. These findings emphasise the importance of fostering collaboration through mentoring and knowledge sharing to bridge generational gaps. Promoting multigenerational teamwork can enhance patient care quality and support workforce cohesion in an ageing healthcare system.