Bumetanide nasal spray: a novel approach to enhancing diuretic response and advancing ambulatory heart failure care?

Abstract

Loop diuretics are the cornerstone of managing congestion in heart failure (HF). It is hypothesized that in heavily congested patients, gut edema may lead to lower bioavailability of oral drugs, including diuretics, which, in turn, may lead to insufficient diuresis. Intravenous (IV) loop diuretics are often required to achieve rapid diuresis due to their high plasma concentrations. However, reliance on IV administration limits options in ambulatory settings, where effective rescue therapies are needed. Bumetanide Nasal Spray (BNS) is a novel formulation designed to overcome absorption challenges and provide rapid, high bioavailability through intranasal administration. This mini-review summarizes the results of the recently presented bioavailability study of BNS conducted in healthy individuals, showing its bioequivalence to oral formulations. Lastly, the paper discusses the potential caveats and limitations of the trial and further perspectives.