Root resorption pattern and root length of mandibular primary molars in children: a cross-sectional radiographic study.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the root resorption pattern and calculate the root resorption length of mandibular primary molars in children.

Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted of 367 panoramic radiographs of healthy nonorthodontic children, 169 girls with a mean age of 9.39 years and 198 boys with a mean age of 9.02 years. The length of the mesial and distal roots of the primary molar was calculated using a computer program (PixelStick®) that measures the pixels indicated in the image. Student's t test, the Mann‒Whitney U test and the Kruskal‒Wallis test were used for comparisons, and p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.

Results: A 0.84 mm delay in root resorption of the first mandibular primary molar (74) in boys was described. There was also a delay in the resorption of the mesial root of 0.89 mm and 1.12 mm from the distal root of the second mandibular primary molar (75) in boys and a significant increase in root resorption in girls (p < 0.05). The mesial and distal roots of the first mandibular primary molar were resorbed equally; however, the mesial root of the second mandibular primary molar was resorbed before the distal root.

Conclusions: Delays in root resorption were detected in boys, whereas advances in root resorption were detected in girls. The root resorption pattern of the first mandibular primary molar was symmetrical; however, the resorption pattern of the second mandibular primary molar was asymmetric, with the mesial root being resorbed first. Clinical and radiographic monitoring of mandibular primary molars with unevenly resorbed roots is recommended to avoid the complications associated with over retained molars.