Enhanced immobilization mechanisms and transport of simulated acid rain on chromium in contaminated soil mixed with nZVI/Ni.

IF 3.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Environmental Geochemistry and Health Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI:10.1007/s10653-025-02478-w

Fang Zhu, Junxiang Liu, Tao Liu

{"title":"Enhanced immobilization mechanisms and transport of simulated acid rain on chromium in contaminated soil mixed with nZVI/Ni.","authors":"Fang Zhu, Junxiang Liu, Tao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10653-025-02478-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Nano zero-valent iron/nickel (nZVI/Ni) was produced using liquid phase reduction method and characterized by SEM and XRD. In this study, the effect of dose of nZVI/Ni, pH value of acid rain, mixing method of nZVI/Ni by simulating rainfall leaching experiments in the soil column uniformly mixed with nZVI/Ni was studied. The concentration of Cr(VI), pH, conductivity and cumulative release of the leaching solution were measured. The convective dispersion equation model was successfully used to explain the transport behavior of nZVI/Ni in chromium contaminated soil mixed with nZVI/Ni. The speciation of Cr(VI) in the soil after leaching was determined by BCR continuous extraction method. The effect of nZVI/Ni application on the speciation of Cr(VI) in the soil was analyzed. Results showed that the best fixation efficiency was achieved when the nZVI/Ni dosage was 0.10% (w/w%) and pH of the simulated acid rain was 4.5. Pseudo-second-order kinetics characterizes the Cr elimination process better (R2 > 0.99), suggesting that nZVI/Ni predominantly extracts Cr (VI) from polluted soil under acid rain leaching through chemical adsorption/desorption mechanisms. The entire adsorption process included surface diffusion, mesopore diffusion and micropore diffusion. Acid extractable and reduced chromium decreased from 30 to 9%. Oxidizable and residual chromium increased from 70 to 91% in the remediated soil. Cr(VI) in the soil can be reduced Cr (VI) to Cr (III) by nZVI/Ni in the presence of acid rain. The concentrations of Cr leached from the soil by TCLP, SPLP, and SBET methods were 0.11, 0.034 and 0.028 mg/L, which were lower than the standards. There are no obvious differences among the rapeseed stem, root lengths, seed germination rate and clean soil in the remediated soil. nZVI/Ni demonstrated superior treatment of real chromium polluted soil under acid rain. The theoretical foundation and scientific references for treating Cr (VI) polluted soil under acid rain is provided by this study.","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"47 5","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-025-02478-w","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nano zero-valent iron/nickel (nZVI/Ni) was produced using liquid phase reduction method and characterized by SEM and XRD. In this study, the effect of dose of nZVI/Ni, pH value of acid rain, mixing method of nZVI/Ni by simulating rainfall leaching experiments in the soil column uniformly mixed with nZVI/Ni was studied. The concentration of Cr(VI), pH, conductivity and cumulative release of the leaching solution were measured. The convective dispersion equation model was successfully used to explain the transport behavior of nZVI/Ni in chromium contaminated soil mixed with nZVI/Ni. The speciation of Cr(VI) in the soil after leaching was determined by BCR continuous extraction method. The effect of nZVI/Ni application on the speciation of Cr(VI) in the soil was analyzed. Results showed that the best fixation efficiency was achieved when the nZVI/Ni dosage was 0.10% (w/w%) and pH of the simulated acid rain was 4.5. Pseudo-second-order kinetics characterizes the Cr elimination process better (R² > 0.99), suggesting that nZVI/Ni predominantly extracts Cr (VI) from polluted soil under acid rain leaching through chemical adsorption/desorption mechanisms. The entire adsorption process included surface diffusion, mesopore diffusion and micropore diffusion. Acid extractable and reduced chromium decreased from 30 to 9%. Oxidizable and residual chromium increased from 70 to 91% in the remediated soil. Cr(VI) in the soil can be reduced Cr (VI) to Cr (III) by nZVI/Ni in the presence of acid rain. The concentrations of Cr leached from the soil by TCLP, SPLP, and SBET methods were 0.11, 0.034 and 0.028 mg/L, which were lower than the standards. There are no obvious differences among the rapeseed stem, root lengths, seed germination rate and clean soil in the remediated soil. nZVI/Ni demonstrated superior treatment of real chromium polluted soil under acid rain. The theoretical foundation and scientific references for treating Cr (VI) polluted soil under acid rain is provided by this study.

查看原文本刊更多论文

nZVI/Ni混合污染土壤中模拟酸雨对铬的固定化机制及运移

采用液相还原法制备了纳米零价铁/镍（nZVI/Ni），并用SEM和XRD对其进行了表征。本研究通过模拟降雨淋滤试验，研究了nZVI/Ni剂量、酸雨pH值、nZVI/Ni混合方式对土壤柱均匀混合nZVI/Ni的影响。测定浸出液的Cr（VI）浓度、pH、电导率和累积释放量。采用对流色散方程模型，成功地解释了nZVI/Ni在混有nZVI/Ni的铬污染土壤中的输运行为。采用BCR连续萃取法测定浸出后土壤中Cr（VI）的形态。分析了nZVI/Ni施用对土壤中Cr（VI）形态的影响。结果表明，当nZVI/Ni添加量为0.10% (w/w%)，模拟酸雨pH为4.5时，固结效果最佳。拟二级动力学（R2 > 0.99）较好地表征了酸雨淋滤下污染土壤中Cr （VI）的去除过程，表明nZVI/Ni主要通过化学吸附/解吸机制从污染土壤中提取Cr （VI）。整个吸附过程包括表面扩散、中孔扩散和微孔扩散。酸萃取和还原铬从30%降低到9%。修复后土壤中可氧化铬和残余铬由70%提高到91%。酸雨作用下，土壤中的Cr（VI）可被nZVI/Ni还原为Cr（III）。TCLP、SPLP和SBET法浸出土壤中Cr的浓度分别为0.11、0.034和0.028 mg/L，均低于标准。在修复土壤中，油菜籽茎长、根长、种子发芽率和洁净土壤之间无明显差异。nZVI/Ni对酸雨下铬污染土壤有较好的治理效果。本研究为酸雨条件下Cr （VI）污染土壤的治理提供了理论基础和科学参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

279

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.