Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: a functional immunomodulator for cell-free therapy of autoimmune diseases.

IF 3.4 4区医学 Q2 RHEUMATOLOGY

Clinical and experimental rheumatology Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI:10.55563/clinexprheumatol/exbsv0

Haoxi Ni, Haoting Zhan, Rongrong Wang, Jingdi Zhang, Ye Guo, Yongzhe Li

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Abstract

Patients with autoimmune diseases (AIDs) seldom receive efficient clinical management and timely therapy.Although certain immunomodulatory drugs or biologics currently in use have been shown to decelerate AID progression, potential complications and the extended treatment duration affect the prognosis and living quality of patients.Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted significant interest as a cell-free therapeutic approach with reduced side effects. Research has indicated that stem cell-derived EVs (SC-EVs) can modulate the immune response by suppressing hyper-immunity and inflammation. Of note, SC-EVs are anticipated to serve as a potential alternative to traditional cell therapy. The present review explores the effects of different isolation methods on the quality and quantity of EVs derived from various sample sources. It also discusses the mechanisms through which SC-EVs can be used for AID treatment. In addition, the paper summarises the classic preclinical findings of SC-EVs in AID in recent years.Finally, the potential challenges of SC-EVs before receiving approval for clinical application have been elucidated, thereby offering novel insights for future studies on SC-EVs in AIDs.

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干细胞来源的细胞外囊泡：一种用于自身免疫性疾病无细胞治疗的功能性免疫调节剂。

自身免疫性疾病（艾滋病）患者很少得到有效的临床管理和及时的治疗。虽然目前使用的某些免疫调节药物或生物制剂已被证明可以减缓艾滋病的进展，但潜在的并发症和延长的治疗时间会影响患者的预后和生活质量。细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为一种副作用小的无细胞治疗方法引起了人们的极大兴趣。研究表明，干细胞衍生的ev （sc - ev）可以通过抑制超免疫和炎症来调节免疫反应。值得注意的是，sc - ev有望成为传统细胞疗法的潜在替代品。本文综述了不同分离方法对不同样品来源的ev质量和数量的影响。它还讨论了sc - ev可用于艾滋病治疗的机制。此外，本文还总结了近年来sc - ev在艾滋病中的经典临床前发现。最后，本文阐明了sc - ev在获得临床应用批准之前可能面临的挑战，从而为sc - ev在艾滋病中的未来研究提供了新的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical and experimental rheumatology 医学-风湿病学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

18.90%

发文量

377

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology is a bi-monthly international peer-reviewed journal which has been covering all clinical, experimental and translational aspects of musculoskeletal, arthritic and connective tissue diseases since 1983.