Insights on the steady-state performance of single-phase natural circulation loops

IF 1.9 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Design Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2025.114128

Swati Gangwar , P.K. Vijayan , Goutam Dutta

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Abstract

The estimation of the induced flow rate is required to determine the heat transport capability of natural circulation loops. A generalized dimensionless equation for the steady-state flow for single-phase natural circulation loops is reported in the literature. This generalized equation applies to uniform and non-uniform diameter rectangular loops with a uniform heat flux boundary condition for the heater and a specified overall heat transfer coefficient and secondary side coolant temperature for the cooler. The applicability of this generalized equation is examined to other heater and cooler boundary conditions like specified power density, isothermal wall, heat transfer coefficient, and coolant temperature. Further, the applicability of the generalized equation is examined to loops of other shapes, such as toroidal, figure of eight loop, pentagon, and thermosyphon heat transport devices (THTDs). Natural circulation is possible with gravitational and centrifugal force fields. Hence, the applicability of the generalized equation to rotating natural circulation loops operating in the centrifugal force field is also examined. Besides, the applicability of the generalized equation to open natural circulation loops, interconnected circuits, and coupled natural circulation loops (CNCLs) is examined, along with its applicability to other fluids. In all cases, the available experimental data are used to test the validity of the dimensionless flow equation. Finally, the generalized equation is tested with reported CFD data. In all cases, a reasonable comparison is obtained. In addition, the reasons for the deviation between the data and the generalized equation are also presented.

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关于单相自然循环回路稳态性能的见解

为了确定自然循环回路的传热能力，需要估算诱导流量。文献中报道了单相自然循环回路稳态流动的广义无量纲方程。该广义方程适用于均匀直径和非均匀直径矩形回路，加热器具有均匀热流密度边界条件，冷却器具有指定的总传热系数和二次侧冷却剂温度。该广义方程的适用性也适用于其他的冷热边界条件，如指定功率密度、等温壁、传热系数和冷却剂温度。此外，该广义方程也适用于其他形状的环路，如环面、八字环路、五边形和热虹吸式热传输装置（thtd）。在引力场和离心力场的作用下，自然循环是可能的。因此，本文还研究了在离心力场中运行的旋转自然循环回路的广义方程的适用性。此外，还研究了该广义方程对开式自然循环回路、互联回路和耦合自然循环回路（cncl）的适用性，以及对其他流体的适用性。在所有情况下，利用现有的实验数据来检验无量纲流动方程的有效性。最后，用已报道的CFD数据对广义方程进行了验证。在所有情况下，得到一个合理的比较。此外，还分析了数据与广义方程存在偏差的原因。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nuclear Engineering and Design 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

3.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

377

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Nuclear Engineering and Design covers the wide range of disciplines involved in the engineering, design, safety and construction of nuclear fission reactors. The Editors welcome papers both on applied and innovative aspects and developments in nuclear science and technology. Fundamentals of Reactor Design include: • Thermal-Hydraulics and Core Physics • Safety Analysis, Risk Assessment (PSA) • Structural and Mechanical Engineering • Materials Science • Fuel Behavior and Design • Structural Plant Design • Engineering of Reactor Components • Experiments Aspects beyond fundamentals of Reactor Design covered: • Accident Mitigation Measures • Reactor Control Systems • Licensing Issues • Safeguard Engineering • Economy of Plants • Reprocessing / Waste Disposal • Applications of Nuclear Energy • Maintenance • Decommissioning Papers on new reactor ideas and developments (Generation IV reactors) such as inherently safe modular HTRs, High Performance LWRs/HWRs and LMFBs/GFR will be considered; Actinide Burners, Accelerator Driven Systems, Energy Amplifiers and other special designs of power and research reactors and their applications are also encouraged.