Mitigation of geothermal energy drilling risks in the presence of hydrocarbons: A basin scale approach applied to the eastern Swiss Plateau area (Schlattingen-1, Herdern-1 and St. Gallen-GT-1 geothermal transect)

IF 5.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS
S. Omodeo-Salé , T. Cassola , A. Moscariello
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Geothermal exploration can be complicated by the presence of hydrocarbons in the subsurface. This is a well-known issue in Switzerland, where geothermal projects were affected by the consequences of an unexpected finding of hydrocarbons during drilling operations. This was the case of the Schlattingen-1 well in 2011 and the St. Gallen-GT-1 well in 2013, both located in the north-eastern part of the Swiss Plateau. To confidently predict the potential of hydrocarbon occurrence in the subsurface, a 2D basin and petroleum system modelling (BPSM) was performed along a regional geological section of the eastern sector of the Swiss Plateau, including the Schlattingen-1, Herdern-1 and St. Gallen-GT-1 wells.
The BPSM reconstructs the temperature history of the basin by considering the geodynamic, structural and stratigraphic evolution of the basin. The modelling results were calibrated with present-day borehole temperature, porosity and vitrinite reflectance data. To calculate the hydrocarbon generation and accumulation potential in the studied area, the source rocks were geochemically and petrographically characterized. In the southern part of the section, gas accumulations are predicted by the model at the top of the Permo-Carboniferous graben, just beneath the St. Gallen GT-1 well. In the northern part, around the Schlattingen-1 and Herdern-1 well sites, the model indicates the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons within the Mesozoic units. Migration to the uppermost Molasse units also occurs along faults, thrust planes and permeable units, when present.
The main uncertainties of the modelling results include: i) distribution and characteristics of faults; ii) thickness and hydrocarbon potential of the source rocks; iii) lithological and petrophysical properties of potential reservoir and seal units; iv) calibration data with big ranges and not uniformly measured. To refine the assumptions and enhance the understanding of the basin's evolution, further data should be collected and existing data reanalysed. Building risk analysis and probabilistic models would also help to plan drilling mitigation measures aimed at reducing these uncertainties. The workflow presented in this study can be highly valuable to geothermal projects. It allows more effective planning of the drilling procedure, thus reducing the operational risks and contributing to the overall project success.
在存在碳氢化合物的情况下降低地热能钻探风险:适用于瑞士高原东部地区(Schlattingen-1、Herdern-1和St. Gallen-GT-1地热样带)的盆地尺度方法
地下碳氢化合物的存在使地热勘探变得复杂。这在瑞士是一个众所周知的问题,那里的地热项目受到钻探作业期间意外发现碳氢化合物的后果的影响。2011年的Schlattingen-1井和2013年的St. Gallen-GT-1井就是这种情况,这两口井都位于瑞士高原东北部。为了准确预测地下油气的潜力,研究人员沿着瑞士高原东部的区域地质剖面(包括Schlattingen-1、Herdern-1和St. Gallen-GT-1井)进行了2D盆地和油气系统建模(BPSM)。BPSM综合考虑盆地的地球动力学、构造和地层演化,重建了盆地的温度史。建模结果与当前的井温、孔隙度和镜质组反射率数据进行了校准。为计算研究区烃源岩的生烃和成藏潜力,对烃源岩进行了地球化学和岩石学表征。在该剖面的南部,利用该模型预测了二叠纪-石炭系地堑顶部的天然气聚集,就在St. Gallen GT-1井下方。在北部的Schlattingen-1和Herdern-1井位附近,该模型显示了中生代单元内油气的运移和聚集。当存在时,沿断层、逆冲面和渗透性单元向最上层的Molasse单元运移。模拟结果的主要不确定性包括:1)断层的分布和特征;Ii)烃源岩厚度及含烃潜力;Iii)潜在储层和密封单元的岩性和岩石物性;Iv)校准数据量程大,测量不均匀。为了完善假设并加强对盆地演化的理解,应收集进一步的数据并重新分析现有数据。建立风险分析和概率模型也将有助于规划旨在减少这些不确定性的钻井缓解措施。本研究提出的工作流程对地热项目具有很高的参考价值。它可以更有效地规划钻井过程,从而降低作业风险,为整个项目的成功做出贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Coal Geology
International Journal of Coal Geology 工程技术-地球科学综合
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
14.30%
发文量
145
审稿时长
38 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Coal Geology deals with fundamental and applied aspects of the geology and petrology of coal, oil/gas source rocks and shale gas resources. The journal aims to advance the exploration, exploitation and utilization of these resources, and to stimulate environmental awareness as well as advancement of engineering for effective resource management.
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