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Quality assurance and quality control of the \(26~\text {m}^2\) SiPM production for the DarkSide-20k dark matter experiment

IF 4.2 2区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS
The European Physical Journal C Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI:10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14196-9
F. Acerbi, P. Adhikari, P. Agnes, I. Ahmad, S. Albergo, I. F. Albuquerque, T. Alexander, A. K. Alton, P. Amaudruz, M. Angiolilli, E. Aprile, M. Atzori Corona, D. J. Auty, M. Ave, I. C. Avetisov, O. Azzolini, H. O. Back, Z. Balmforth, A. Barrado Olmedo, P. Barrillon, G. Batignani, P. Bhowmick, M. Bloem, S. Blua, V. Bocci, W. Bonivento, B. Bottino, M. G. Boulay, A. Buchowicz, S. Bussino, J. Busto, M. Cadeddu, M. Cadoni, R. Calabrese, V. Camillo, A. Caminata, N. Canci, A. Capra, M. Caravati, M. Cardenas-Montes, N. Cargioli, M. Carlini, P. Castello, P. Cavalcante, S. Cebrian, J. Cela Ruiz, S. Chashin, A. Chepurnov, L. Cifarelli, D. Cintas, B. Cleveland, Y. Coadou, V. Cocco, D. Colaiuda, E. Conde Vilda, L. Consiglio, B. S. Costa, M. Czubak, S. D’Auria, M. D. Da Rocha Rolo, G. Darbo, S. Davini, R. de As mundis, S. De Cecco, G. Dellacasa, A. V. Derbin, F. Di Capua, L. Di Noto, P. Di Stefano, L. K. Dias, C. Dionisi, G. Dolganov, F. Dordei, V. Dronik, A. Elersich, E. Ellingwood, T. Erjavec, N. Fearon, M. Fernandez Diaz, A. Ficorella, G. Fiorillo, P. Franchini, D. Franco, H. Frandini Gatti, E. Frolov, F. Gabriele, D. Gahan, C. Galbiati, G. Galiski, G. Gallina, G. Gallus, M. Garbini, P. Garcia Abia, A. Gawdzik, A. Gendotti, G. K. Giovanetti, V. Goicoechea Casanueva, A. Gola, L. Grandi, G. Grauso, G. Grilli di Cortona, A. Grobov, M. Gromov, M. Gulino, C. Guo, B. R. Hackett, A. Hallin, A. Hamer, M. Haranczyk, T. Hessel, S. Horikawa, J. Hu, F. Hubaut, J. Hucker, T. Hugues, E. V. Hungerford, A. Ianni, G. Ippoliti, V. Ippolito, A. Jamil, C. Jillings, R. Keloth, N. Kemmerich, A. Kemp, Carlos E. Kester, M. Kimura, K. Kondo, G. Korga, L. Kotsiopoulou, S. Koulosousas, A. Kubankin, P. Kunze, M. Kuss, M. Kuźniak, M. Kuzwa, M. La Commara, M. Lai, E. Le Guirriec, E. Leason, A. Leoni, L. Lidey, M. Lissia, L. Luzzi, O. Lychagina, O. Macfadyen, I. N. Machulin, S. Manecki, I. Manthos, A. Marasciulli, G. Margutti, S. M. Mari, C. Mariani, J. Maricic, M. Martinez, C. J. Martoff, G. Matteucci, K. Mavrokoridis, E. Mazza, A. B. McDonald, S. Merzi, A. Messina, R. Milincic, S. Minutoli, A. Mitra, J. Monroe, E. Moretti, M. Morrocchi, T. Mroz, V. N. Muratova, M. Murphy, M. Murra, C. Muscas, P. Musico, R. Nania, M. Nessi, G. Nieradka, K. Nikolopoulos, E. Nikoloudaki, J. Nowak, K. Olchanski, A. Oleinik, V. Oleynikov, P. Organtini, A. Ortiz de Solrzano, M. Pallavicini, L. Pandola, E. Pantic, E. Paoloni, D. Papi, G. Pastuszak, G. Paternoster, P. A. Pegoraro, K. Pelczar, R. Perez, V. Pesudo, S. Piacentini, N. Pino, G. Plante, A. Pocar, M. Poehlmann, S. Pordes, P. Pralavorio, E. Preosti, D. Price, S. Puglia, M. Queiroga Bazetto, F. Ragusa, Y. Ramachers, A. Ramirez, S. Ravinthiran, M. Razeti, A. L. Renshaw, M. Rescigno, S. Resconi, F. Retiere, L. P. Rignanese, A. Rivetti, A. Roberts, C. Roberts, G. Rogers, L. Romero, M. Rossi, A. Rubbia, D. Rudik, M. Sabia, P. Salomone, O. Samoylov, S. Sanfilippo, D. Santone, R. Santorelli, E. Moura Santos, C. Savarese, E. Scapparone, F. G. Schuckman II, G. Scioli, D. A. Semenov, A. Sheshukov, M. Simeone, P. Skensved, M. D. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, T. Smirnova, B. Smith, A. Sotnikov, F. Spadoni, M. Spangenberg, R. Stefanizzi, A. Steri, V. Stornelli, S. Stracka, S. Sulis, A. Sung, C. Sunny, Y. Suvorov, A. M. Szelc, O. Taborda, R. Tartaglia, A. Taylor, J. Taylor, G. Testera, K. Thieme, A. Thompson, S. Torres-Lara, A. Tricomi, E. V. Unzhakov, M. Van Uffelen, T. Viant, S. Viel, A. Vishneva, R. B. Vogelaar, J. Vossebeld, B. Vyas, M. Wada, M. Walczak, Y. Wang, H. Wang, S. Westerdale, L. Williams, R. Wojaczyski, M. M. Wojcik, M. Wojcik, T. Wright, Y. Xie, C. Yang, J. Yin, A. Zabihi, P. Zakhary, A. Zani, Y. Zhang, T. Zhu, A. Zichichi, G. Zuzel, M. P. Zykova, DarkSide-20k Collaboration
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McDonald,&nbsp;S. Merzi,&nbsp;A. Messina,&nbsp;R. Milincic,&nbsp;S. Minutoli,&nbsp;A. Mitra,&nbsp;J. Monroe,&nbsp;E. Moretti,&nbsp;M. Morrocchi,&nbsp;T. Mroz,&nbsp;V. N. Muratova,&nbsp;M. Murphy,&nbsp;M. Murra,&nbsp;C. Muscas,&nbsp;P. Musico,&nbsp;R. Nania,&nbsp;M. Nessi,&nbsp;G. Nieradka,&nbsp;K. Nikolopoulos,&nbsp;E. Nikoloudaki,&nbsp;J. Nowak,&nbsp;K. Olchanski,&nbsp;A. Oleinik,&nbsp;V. Oleynikov,&nbsp;P. Organtini,&nbsp;A. Ortiz de Solrzano,&nbsp;M. Pallavicini,&nbsp;L. Pandola,&nbsp;E. Pantic,&nbsp;E. Paoloni,&nbsp;D. Papi,&nbsp;G. Pastuszak,&nbsp;G. Paternoster,&nbsp;P. A. Pegoraro,&nbsp;K. Pelczar,&nbsp;R. Perez,&nbsp;V. Pesudo,&nbsp;S. Piacentini,&nbsp;N. Pino,&nbsp;G. Plante,&nbsp;A. Pocar,&nbsp;M. Poehlmann,&nbsp;S. Pordes,&nbsp;P. Pralavorio,&nbsp;E. Preosti,&nbsp;D. Price,&nbsp;S. Puglia,&nbsp;M. Queiroga Bazetto,&nbsp;F. Ragusa,&nbsp;Y. Ramachers,&nbsp;A. Ramirez,&nbsp;S. Ravinthiran,&nbsp;M. Razeti,&nbsp;A. L. Renshaw,&nbsp;M. Rescigno,&nbsp;S. Resconi,&nbsp;F. Retiere,&nbsp;L. P. Rignanese,&nbsp;A. Rivetti,&nbsp;A. Roberts,&nbsp;C. Roberts,&nbsp;G. Rogers,&nbsp;L. Romero,&nbsp;M. Rossi,&nbsp;A. Rubbia,&nbsp;D. Rudik,&nbsp;M. Sabia,&nbsp;P. Salomone,&nbsp;O. Samoylov,&nbsp;S. Sanfilippo,&nbsp;D. Santone,&nbsp;R. Santorelli,&nbsp;E. Moura Santos,&nbsp;C. Savarese,&nbsp;E. Scapparone,&nbsp;F. G. Schuckman II,&nbsp;G. Scioli,&nbsp;D. A. Semenov,&nbsp;A. Sheshukov,&nbsp;M. Simeone,&nbsp;P. Skensved,&nbsp;M. D. Skorokhvatov,&nbsp;O. Smirnov,&nbsp;T. Smirnova,&nbsp;B. Smith,&nbsp;A. Sotnikov,&nbsp;F. Spadoni,&nbsp;M. Spangenberg,&nbsp;R. Stefanizzi,&nbsp;A. Steri,&nbsp;V. Stornelli,&nbsp;S. Stracka,&nbsp;S. Sulis,&nbsp;A. Sung,&nbsp;C. Sunny,&nbsp;Y. Suvorov,&nbsp;A. M. Szelc,&nbsp;O. Taborda,&nbsp;R. Tartaglia,&nbsp;A. Taylor,&nbsp;J. Taylor,&nbsp;G. Testera,&nbsp;K. Thieme,&nbsp;A. Thompson,&nbsp;S. Torres-Lara,&nbsp;A. Tricomi,&nbsp;E. V. Unzhakov,&nbsp;M. Van Uffelen,&nbsp;T. Viant,&nbsp;S. Viel,&nbsp;A. Vishneva,&nbsp;R. B. Vogelaar,&nbsp;J. 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NUV-HD-cryo Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM)s designed by Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) (Trento, Italy) were selected as the photon sensors covering two <span>\\(10.5~\\text {m}^2\\)</span> Optical Planes, one at each end of the TPC, and a total of <span>\\(5~\\text {m}^2\\)</span> photosensitive surface for the liquid argon veto detectors. This paper describes the Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) plan and procedures accompanying the production of FBK NUV-HD-cryo SiPM wafers manufactured by LFoundry s.r.l. (Avezzano, AQ, Italy). SiPM characteristics are measured at 77 K at the wafer level with a custom-designed probe station. As of March 2025, 1314 of the 1400 production wafers (94% of the total) for DarkSide-20k were tested. 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引用次数: 0

Abstract

DarkSide-20k is a novel liquid argon dark matter detector currently under construction at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) that will push the sensitivity for Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) detection into the neutrino fog. The core of the apparatus is a dual-phase Time Projection Chamber (TPC), filled with 50 tonnes of low radioactivity underground argon (UAr) acting as the WIMP target. NUV-HD-cryo Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM)s designed by Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) (Trento, Italy) were selected as the photon sensors covering two \(10.5~\text {m}^2\) Optical Planes, one at each end of the TPC, and a total of \(5~\text {m}^2\) photosensitive surface for the liquid argon veto detectors. This paper describes the Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) plan and procedures accompanying the production of FBK NUV-HD-cryo SiPM wafers manufactured by LFoundry s.r.l. (Avezzano, AQ, Italy). SiPM characteristics are measured at 77 K at the wafer level with a custom-designed probe station. As of March 2025, 1314 of the 1400 production wafers (94% of the total) for DarkSide-20k were tested. The wafer yield is \(93.2\pm 2.5\)%, which exceeds the 80% specification defined in the original DarkSide-20k production plan.

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DarkSide-20k暗物质实验中\(26~\text {m}^2\) SiPM生产的质量保证与质量控制
暗面-20k是一种新型液态氩暗物质探测器，目前正在意大利国家核物理研究所（INFN）的格兰萨索国家实验室（LNGS）建设中，它将把弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）探测的灵敏度提升到中微子雾中。该装置的核心是一个双相时间投影室（TPC），里面充满了50吨低放射性地下氩（UAr），作为WIMP的目标。由Bruno Kessler基金会（FBK） （Trento, Italy）设计的nuv - hd -低温硅光电增压管（SiPM）作为光子传感器，覆盖两个\(10.5~\text {m}^2\)光学平面，分别位于TPC的两端，共计\(5~\text {m}^2\)光敏表面。本文介绍了由LFoundry s.r.l （Avezzano， AQ, Italy）生产的FBK nuv - hd - cryosipm晶圆的质量保证和质量控制（QA/QC）计划和程序。SiPM特性测量在77 K在晶圆水平与定制设计的探头站。截至2025年3月，1400块生产晶圆中有1314块（94块）% of the total) for DarkSide-20k were tested. The wafer yield is \(93.2\pm 2.5\)%, which exceeds the 80% specification defined in the original DarkSide-20k production plan.
本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
The European Physical Journal C
The European Physical Journal C 物理-物理：粒子与场物理
CiteScore
8.10
自引率
15.90%
发文量
1008
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍： Experimental Physics I: Accelerator Based High-Energy Physics Hadron and lepton collider physics Lepton-nucleon scattering High-energy nuclear reactions Standard model precision tests Search for new physics beyond the standard model Heavy flavour physics Neutrino properties Particle detector developments Computational methods and analysis tools Experimental Physics II: Astroparticle Physics Dark matter searches High-energy cosmic rays Double beta decay Long baseline neutrino experiments Neutrino astronomy Axions and other weakly interacting light particles Gravitational waves and observational cosmology Particle detector developments Computational methods and analysis tools Theoretical Physics I: Phenomenology of the Standard Model and Beyond Electroweak interactions Quantum chromo dynamics Heavy quark physics and quark flavour mixing Neutrino physics Phenomenology of astro- and cosmoparticle physics Meson spectroscopy and non-perturbative QCD Low-energy effective field theories Lattice field theory High temperature QCD and heavy ion physics Phenomenology of supersymmetric extensions of the SM Phenomenology of non-supersymmetric extensions of the SM Model building and alternative models of electroweak symmetry breaking Flavour physics beyond the SM Computational algorithms and tools...etc.
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