Performance horses as a model for exercise-associated cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death

Amanda Avison , Peter W. Physick-Sheard , W. Glen Pyle
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Abstract

This paper reviews the myocardial substrate of horses relative to that of humans and discusses the utility of performance horses as a model of exercise-associated cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in athletes. The coronary circulation is similar between the species while coronary artery anomalies and myocardial bridging appear to only be associated with athletic mortality in human athletes and not in performance horses. There are subtle differences in the histology of the sinus and atrioventricular nodes, of unknown clinical significance, while the His bundle is more highly innervated in horses. The equine Purkinje network is much more extensive, contributing to a difference in the mean electrical axis between horses and humans. Differences in ion channel expression have been reported, although they are poorly characterized, and are of unknown clinical significance. However, horses may be a particularly good model to investigate the function of Kv1.5 due to its spontaneous ventricular expression, which is lacking in human ventricles. Similarities in cardiac structure, coronary vasculature, and ability to exercise at high levels makes performance horses a good model to investigate exercise-associated cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in athletes. However, differences in myocardial substrate should be taken into consideration when designing studies and interpreting results.

Abstract Image

表演马作为运动相关心律失常和心源性猝死的模型
本文回顾了马的心肌基质与人类的心肌基质的关系,并讨论了性能马作为运动员运动相关心律失常和心源性猝死模型的实用性。冠状动脉循环在物种之间是相似的,而冠状动脉异常和心肌桥似乎只与人类运动员的运动死亡率有关,而与表演马无关。在鼻窦和房室结的组织学上有细微的差异,临床意义未知,而马的His束神经支配更强。马的浦肯野神经网络要广泛得多,这导致马和人之间的平均电轴存在差异。离子通道表达的差异已经被报道过,尽管它们的特征很差,而且临床意义未知。然而,马可能是一个特别好的模型来研究Kv1.5的功能,因为它的自发心室表达,这在人类心室中是缺乏的。在心脏结构、冠状血管和高水平运动能力方面的相似性使竞技马成为研究运动员运动相关心律失常和心源性猝死的良好模型。然而,在设计研究和解释结果时应考虑心肌底物的差异。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
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