Optimal Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries: An Electro-Thermal Model Approach Using Maximum Possible Optimization

Abstract

Electric vehicle (EV) charging has recently become one of the most pressing issues. Given the growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles, this study analyzes optimization methods for improving existing approaches to speed up charging while reducing temperature rise. This work formulates a double-objective function for battery charging based on an electrothermal model. The focused objective function is comprised of a combination of two different fitness functions. Optimization of charging current is made dynamically following a battery's temperature. These experimental findings validate the proposed charging strategy's effectiveness in delivering the optimal current profile. This approach demonstrably achieves a well-calibrated balance between competing performance objectives. By adopting the suggested strategy, any increase in the battery's temperature can be maintained within an acceptable temperature range. The proposed constant current constant voltage (CCCV) charging method takes a total charging time of 1874 s, with a temperature shift from 26 to 45.78 ${}^{\circ }\mathrm{C}$.