Coronae on Venus: An Updated Global Database and Insights Into Morphology, Spatial Distribution, Geological Setting, and Lithospheric Properties

Abstract

Venus' surface hosts many volcanic and tectonic features, among which coronae are widespread. Despite their inferred significance for Venus' geodynamics, existing corona databases have been incomplete and/or inaccessible. Here, we present an updated database of coronae, which integrates and validates existing data sets while incorporating new insights. We define coronae using the criteria: (a) presence of a (partial/full) annulus of closely spaced concentric fractures, (b) with or without corresponding quasi-circular topographic relief, and (c) a minimum diameter of 60 km. Using this systematic approach, our database includes 740 corona features. We assess 507 to be Type 1 (fracture annuli $\ge$180°) and 233 as Type 2 (fracture annuli 180°) coronae. We identify subsets that share morphological traits with specific volcanic structures: 26 coronae show fracture annuli around domal shield volcanoes (Mons), and 112 features resemble large, collapsed caldera volcanoes or paterae. We also recognize a separate 46 “inter-tessera corona-like features” within the complex tesserae, which share similar morphological characteristics and have received little previous attention. We provide an analysis of the spatial distribution of coronae and examine their geological setting, topographic profiles, and lithospheric properties. We establish 11 topographic groups that can describe the diverse coronae. 26.4% of coronae display an elevated rim surrounding a depressed interior, while over 20% feature a full or partial trough. By linking the lithospheric and geological properties with corona morphologies, our study offers a deeper understanding of the diversity of coronae. Ultimately, this database provides a foundation for future investigations into the planet's geological evolution and surface activity.