Enhanced oil recovery using chemical and nanoparticles for heavy oil sandstone reservoirs: Chemical vs nanofluid flooding

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Molecular Liquids Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.molliq.2025.127707

Rahul Saha , Ranjan Phukan

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Abstract

An enormous amount of trapped residual heavy crude oil that exists inside the reservoir after conventional water flooding can be recovered by enhancing the oil displacement efficiency. This oil displacement inside the rock pores can be governed by the application of chemical flooding schemes. In this investigation, we have examined the efficacy of chemical (surfactant-polymer) and nanofluid (surfactant-polymer-nanoparticles) flooding for recovery of heavy residual crude oil in sandstone reservoirs. Polymer (PAM), four different surfactants (anionic and non-ionic) and SiO₂ nanoparticles (hydrophilic) were examined to understand the synergistic behaviour between chemicals, nanofluids and heavy crude oil. The zeta potential value of nanofluid samples ranges between −60.1 to −36.9 mV after 15 days, indicating long term stability of nanofluid system. Additionally, the average particle size analyses conveyed the negligible sedimentation behaviour as encountered by the nanofluid samples. The reduction in oil–water interfacial tension, extent of emulsification, improved emulsion stability as investigated by creaming index (nano-emulsion vs emulsion), highlighted the potential of chemical and nanofluid flooding towards improved oil recovery factor. Lowest contact angle of 12°–20° as detected by nanofluid further conveys the solid–liquid favourable wettability alteration behaviour. Moreover, core flooding experiments conducted showed improved residual oil recovery between 20–22 % original oil in place (OOIP) for chemical (surfactant-polymer) combinations and 22–26 % OOIP for nanofluid (surfactant-polymer-nanoparticles) combinations. Finally, an economy analysis was executed to detect the optimum flooding schemes for sandstone oil field reservoirs.

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利用化学和纳米颗粒提高稠油砂岩油藏的采收率：化学驱与纳米流体驱

常规水驱后，可通过提高驱油效率来回收储层内存在的大量残留重质原油。这种岩石孔隙内的驱油可以通过化学驱方案加以控制。在这项研究中，我们研究了化学（表面活性剂-聚合物）和纳米流体（表面活性剂-聚合物-纳米颗粒）驱油在砂岩储层中开采重质残余原油的效果。研究了聚合物（PAM）、四种不同的表面活性剂（阴离子和非离子）和SiO2纳米颗粒（亲水性），以了解化学品、纳米流体和重质原油之间的协同行为。15天后，纳米流体样品的zeta电位值在−60.1 ~−36.9 mV之间，表明纳米流体体系具有长期稳定性。此外，平均粒径分析传达了纳米流体样品所遇到的可忽略不计的沉降行为。通过乳化指数（纳米乳液vs纳米乳液）研究，油水界面张力降低，乳化程度降低，乳液稳定性提高，凸显了化学和纳米流体驱油在提高采收率方面的潜力。纳米流体检测到的最低接触角为12°-20°，进一步传达了有利的固液润湿性改变行为。此外，岩心驱油实验表明，化学（表面活性剂-聚合物）组合的剩余油采收率提高了20 - 22%，纳米流体（表面活性剂-聚合物-纳米颗粒）组合的剩余油采收率提高了22 - 26%。最后，对砂岩油藏进行了经济性分析，确定了最佳驱替方案。

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来源期刊

Journal of Molecular Liquids 化学-物理：原子、分子和化学物理

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

16.70%

发文量

2597

审稿时长

78 days

期刊介绍： The journal includes papers in the following areas: – Simple organic liquids and mixtures – Ionic liquids – Surfactant solutions (including micelles and vesicles) and liquid interfaces – Colloidal solutions and nanoparticles – Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals – Ferrofluids – Water, aqueous solutions and other hydrogen-bonded liquids – Lubricants, polymer solutions and melts – Molten metals and salts – Phase transitions and critical phenomena in liquids and confined fluids – Self assembly in complex liquids.– Biomolecules in solution The emphasis is on the molecular (or microscopic) understanding of particular liquids or liquid systems, especially concerning structure, dynamics and intermolecular forces. The experimental techniques used may include: – Conventional spectroscopy (mid-IR and far-IR, Raman, NMR, etc.) – Non-linear optics and time resolved spectroscopy (psec, fsec, asec, ISRS, etc.) – Light scattering (Rayleigh, Brillouin, PCS, etc.) – Dielectric relaxation – X-ray and neutron scattering and diffraction. Experimental studies, computer simulations (MD or MC) and analytical theory will be considered for publication; papers just reporting experimental results that do not contribute to the understanding of the fundamentals of molecular and ionic liquids will not be accepted. Only papers of a non-routine nature and advancing the field will be considered for publication.