Evaluating fumonisin contamination in cattle feed: Impact on animal health, the agriculture industry and regulatory considerations

Abstract

In 2001, the US FDA released guidance levels (GLs) for fumonisin (FUM) in corn and corn by-products intended for human and animal consumption. Recent research challenges the conservatism of these GLs for ruminants, particularly for regions like the Texas High Plains, where blending permissions have been provoked, limiting the management of FUM contamination economically and maximization of corn availability for feedlots. This study evaluates whether scientific advancements since 2001 warrant a revision of these guidelines. Specifically, a 2020 study provides new data on cattle fed FUM concentrations up to 108.8 mg/kg, suggesting the current 60 mg/kg GL may be overly conservative. Using a combination of meta-analysis and the US EPA’s Benchmark Dose Software (BMDS), we assess the new scientific evidence. Our findings indicate that new data does not significantly refine the dose–response relationship for FUM in cattle, supporting the continued appropriateness of the current 60 mg/kg GL.