The gut microbiome and cancer: from tumorigenesis to therapy

IF 18.9 1区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Nature metabolism Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI:10.1038/s42255-025-01287-w

Amandine Nobels, Cédric van Marcke, Bénédicte F. Jordan, Matthias Van Hul, Patrice D. Cani

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Abstract

The gut microbiome has a crucial role in cancer development and therapy through its interactions with the immune system and tumour microenvironment. Although evidence links gut microbiota composition to cancer progression, its precise role in modulating treatment responses remains unclear. In this Review, we summarize current knowledge on the gut microbiome’s involvement in cancer, covering its role in tumour initiation and progression, interactions with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies, and its influence on cancer immunotherapy. We discuss the impact of microbial metabolites on immune responses, the relationship between specific bacterial species and treatment outcomes, and potential microbiota-based therapeutic strategies, including dietary interventions, probiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation. Understanding these complex microbiota–immune interactions is critical for optimizing cancer therapies. Future research should focus on defining microbial signatures associated with treatment success and developing targeted microbiome modulation strategies to enhance patient outcomes.

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肠道微生物群与癌症：从肿瘤发生到治疗

肠道微生物组通过与免疫系统和肿瘤微环境的相互作用，在癌症的发展和治疗中起着至关重要的作用。尽管有证据表明肠道微生物群组成与癌症进展有关，但其在调节治疗反应中的确切作用仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于肠道微生物群参与癌症的知识，包括它在肿瘤发生和发展中的作用，与化疗、放疗和靶向治疗的相互作用，以及它对癌症免疫治疗的影响。我们讨论了微生物代谢物对免疫反应的影响，特定细菌种类与治疗结果之间的关系，以及潜在的基于微生物群的治疗策略，包括饮食干预，益生菌和粪便微生物群移植。了解这些复杂的微生物群-免疫相互作用对于优化癌症治疗至关重要。未来的研究应侧重于确定与治疗成功相关的微生物特征，并制定有针对性的微生物组调节策略，以提高患者的治疗效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nature metabolism ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

27.50

自引率

2.40%

发文量

170

期刊介绍： Nature Metabolism is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers a broad range of topics in metabolism research. It aims to advance the understanding of metabolic and homeostatic processes at a cellular and physiological level. The journal publishes research from various fields, including fundamental cell biology, basic biomedical and translational research, and integrative physiology. It focuses on how cellular metabolism affects cellular function, the physiology and homeostasis of organs and tissues, and the regulation of organismal energy homeostasis. It also investigates the molecular pathophysiology of metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity, as well as their treatment. Nature Metabolism follows the standards of other Nature-branded journals, with a dedicated team of professional editors, rigorous peer-review process, high standards of copy-editing and production, swift publication, and editorial independence. The journal has a high impact factor, has a certain influence in the international area, and is deeply concerned and cited by the majority of scholars.