Multi-party dynamic secret sharing protocol based on orthogonal product states

Abstract

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) is a cryptographic protocol based on the principles of quantum mechanics, used for the secure distribution and reconstruction of secret information among multiple participants. This paper presents a quantum secret sharing protocol for multi-party to multi-party scenarios, utilizing orthogonal product states. In this protocol, the third party (TP) is responsible for preparing the necessary quantum states, while the participants from both groups are merely required to execute unitary operations or perform measurements on the quantum states. Only through honest cooperation among all participants in each group can they obtain the shared secret. During the protocol, the secret to be sent is encoded using orthogonal product states, and the quantum states are split and sent to the recipients. Moreover, to accommodate potential variations in the number of participants throughout the protocol, dynamic participant adjustment operations are included. Our analysis shows that the protocol is capable of withstanding common attack methods. We hope that this idea will have a positive impact on further research in quantum secret sharing.