Emerging pathological diagnostic strategies for solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas: insights from omics and innovative techniques

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY
Yuanhao Liu, Junya Peng, Yupei Zhao, Wenze Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas is a rare, low-grade malignant tumor, representing 0.9–2.7% of all exocrine pancreatic tumors. SPN patients generally have a favorable prognosis with a 5-year survival rate exceeding 95% following complete surgical resection. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to avoid unnecessary treatments. Currently, SPN diagnosis relies on imaging techniques such as CT and MRI, along with immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy and resection samples. The main challenge in diagnosis is the potential inability to accurately identify recurrent or metastatic SPN, as well as ‘malignant’ SPN, due to the lack of specific biomarkers. Advances in high-throughput omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, have opened new avenues for identifying novel biomarkers for SPN. Additional, liquid biopsy techniques have enabled more comprehensive analysis of biosamples such as pancreatic cyst fluid, offering promising prospects for preoperative diagnosis. This review highlights recent research on SPN diagnosis, focusing on immunohistochemical markers, tissue sampling methods and the potential of omics approaches. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities in improving diagnostic accuracy, particularly for high-grade and metastatic SPNs.

Abstract Image

新兴的胰腺实体假乳头状肿瘤病理诊断策略:来自组学和创新技术的见解
胰腺实性假乳头状肿瘤(SPN)是一种罕见的低级别恶性肿瘤,占所有外分泌胰腺肿瘤的0.9-2.7%。SPN患者一般预后良好,手术完全切除后5年生存率超过95%。准确的诊断对于避免不必要的治疗至关重要。目前,SPN的诊断依赖于CT和MRI等成像技术,以及活检和切除样本的免疫组织化学分析。诊断的主要挑战是由于缺乏特异性的生物标志物,可能无法准确识别复发或转移性SPN以及“恶性”SPN。高通量组学技术的进步,包括基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学,为鉴定新的SPN生物标志物开辟了新的途径。此外,液体活检技术能够更全面地分析生物样本,如胰腺囊肿液,为术前诊断提供了广阔的前景。本文综述了最近在SPN诊断方面的研究,重点是免疫组织化学标记物、组织采样方法和组学方法的潜力。它还讨论了提高诊断准确性的挑战和机遇,特别是对于高级别和转移性spn。
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来源期刊
Journal of Pathology Clinical Research
Journal of Pathology Clinical Research Medicine-Pathology and Forensic Medicine
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
2.40%
发文量
47
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research and The Journal of Pathology serve as translational bridges between basic biomedical science and clinical medicine with particular emphasis on, but not restricted to, tissue based studies. The focus of The Journal of Pathology: Clinical Research is the publication of studies that illuminate the clinical relevance of research in the broad area of the study of disease. Appropriately powered and validated studies with novel diagnostic, prognostic and predictive significance, and biomarker discover and validation, will be welcomed. Studies with a predominantly mechanistic basis will be more appropriate for the companion Journal of Pathology.
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