A security authentication and key agreement scheme for railway space-ground integrated network based on ideal lattice

Abstract

At present, the Global System for Mobile Communications- Railway (GSM-R) is widely used in high-speed railway, but it is a 2G narrowband system that cannot meet the needs of intelligent development of high-speed railways. In the future, space-ground integrated railway communication network will gradually become an inevitable trend of railway development. Aiming at the problems of identity non-mutual authentication, data privacy leakage and low communication efficiency in the railway space-ground integrated network, this paper proposes a space-ground integrated security authentication and key agreement scheme based on ideal lattice. Firstly, the public key cryptosystem based on ideal lattice is designed to complete the mutual authentication of identity between train, Middle Earth Orbit (BDS) satellite and Authentication Server Function/Unified Data Management (AUSF/UDM), which can effectively resist the man-in-the-middle attack and replay attacks. Secondly, a zero-knowledge proof non-interactive Schnorr protocol digital signature algorithm is proposed and a random number mechanism is added to ensure the secure transmission of authentication information and improve the communication efficiency while reducing the number of communication interactions. Then, the session key is generated using the ideal lattice key agreement mechanism and hash function, which ensures the forward and backward security of the session key. Finally, the proposed method has been analyzed for efficiency and security through ideal lattice correctness analysis, BAN logic theory proofs and Tamarin protocol simulation tool. The results show that the proposed method can not only resist DoS attacks and realize the traceability of malicious attacks, but also has low computational overhead, which can better satisfy the security requirements of next generation space-ground integrated railway communication system.