Optimization of heterogeneous parallel algorithm for Monte Carlo neutron transport simulation aiming at thread divergence Issues

IF 1.9 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Annals of Nuclear Energy Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI:10.1016/j.anucene.2025.111508

Xian Zhang , Shu Li , Xin Wang , Danhua ShangGuan , Shichang Liu

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Abstract

The Monte Carlo simulation of large-scale neutron transport problems has always faced the problem of slow computation. In order to fully exploit the acceleration advantage of heterogeneous parallelism on the Monte Carlo neutron transport simulation, this paper carries out research around the history-based neutron tracking algorithm, deeply explores the adaptation of the Monte Carlo algorithm and heterogeneous parallelism. Aiming at the thread divergence problem, optimization strategies for particle tracking algorithm are proposed to ensure load balancing among parallel threads. In addition, to mitigate the impact of global memory access latency, the memory layout of the particle state data is reasonably arranged by comprehensively considering the random memory access of Monte Carlo algorithm and the hardware characteristics of GPU. The reliability and efficiency of heterogeneous parallel algorithm are validated in calculations of benchmarks, the computing performance on an NVIDIA A800 GPU is equivalent to the performance of 62–87 CPU cores.

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针对线程发散问题的蒙特卡罗中子输运模拟异构并行算法优化

大规模中子输运问题的蒙特卡罗模拟一直面临着计算速度慢的问题。为了充分发挥异构并行在蒙特卡罗中子输运模拟中的加速优势，本文围绕基于历史的中子跟踪算法展开研究，深入探讨了蒙特卡罗算法与异构并行的自适应。针对线程发散问题，提出了粒子跟踪算法的优化策略，以保证并行线程间的负载均衡。此外，为了减轻全局存储器访问延迟的影响，综合考虑蒙特卡罗算法的随机存储器访问和GPU的硬件特性，合理安排粒子状态数据的存储器布局。在基准计算中验证了异构并行算法的可靠性和效率，在NVIDIA A800 GPU上的计算性能相当于62-87个CPU核的性能。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annals of Nuclear Energy 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

21.10%

发文量

632

审稿时长

7.3 months

期刊介绍： Annals of Nuclear Energy provides an international medium for the communication of original research, ideas and developments in all areas of the field of nuclear energy science and technology. Its scope embraces nuclear fuel reserves, fuel cycles and cost, materials, processing, system and component technology (fission only), design and optimization, direct conversion of nuclear energy sources, environmental control, reactor physics, heat transfer and fluid dynamics, structural analysis, fuel management, future developments, nuclear fuel and safety, nuclear aerosol, neutron physics, computer technology (both software and hardware), risk assessment, radioactive waste disposal and reactor thermal hydraulics. Papers submitted to Annals need to demonstrate a clear link to nuclear power generation/nuclear engineering. Papers which deal with pure nuclear physics, pure health physics, imaging, or attenuation and shielding properties of concretes and various geological materials are not within the scope of the journal. Also, papers that deal with policy or economics are not within the scope of the journal.