Disparities in hysterectomy-corrected endometrial cancer incidence trends by histologic subtype among racial/ethnic groups in California, 2012–2019

Abstract

Background

Hysterectomy-corrected endometrial cancer incidence among racial/ethnic minority groups by histologic subtype and age group has not been well studied. To examine recent trends in hysterectomy-corrected endometrial cancer rates among California women by histologic subtype, race/ethnicity, and age group.

Methods

We estimated hysterectomy prevalence from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Hysterectomy-corrected age-standardized endometrial cancer incidence rates (per 100,000 women) by endometrioid and non-endometrioid subtypes, age at diagnosis, and race and ethnicity from 2012 to 2019 were calculated using California Cancer Registry data. Incidence rates and annual percentage changes (APC) were estimated.

Results

Among endometrioid subtypes, American Indian women had the highest incidence (62.9 per 100,000). Incidence rates also significantly increased among Asians/Pacific Islanders (1.69 %), with an increase of 7.14 % and 7.39 % for women aged 45–54 and 55–64, respectively, though these did not reach statistical significance. In addition, Hispanics had an increased incidence rate (3.02 %) from 2012 to 2019, with a particularly sharp rise (18.42 %) observed in Hispanics aged 25–34 years between 2016 and 2019. For non-endometrioid subtypes, non-Hispanic Blacks had the highest incidence (29.4 per 100,000), with the ≥65 age group showing an upward trend (9.39 % increase from 2012 to 2016) before significantly declining by 8.16 % from 2017 to 2019. American Indians had the second-highest incidence (14.1 per 100,000), but no significant trend was observed, likely due to the small sample size of this population.

Conclusions

Our findings show that race/ethnicity is associated with endometrial cancer incidence and underscore the importance of jointly examining racial/ethnic disparities with age and histologic subtype.