Exploring the perceptions and experiences of caregivers with the application of socially assistive robots in dementia care: A systematic review of qualitative studies

Abstract

Background

The use of socially assistive robots in dementia care is growing, aimed at improving patient well-being and alleviating caregiver burden. Refining the utilisation of robotic assistance in individuals with dementia is critical, drawing on feedback and insights from caregivers. While numerous qualitative studies have examined how caregivers view and interact with socially assistive robots, a comprehensive synthesis of these insights is missing. This study seeks to integrate existing research on caregiver perceptions and experiences regarding socially assistive robots, offering guidance for applying and developing such technology in dementia care.

Methods

A computerised search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, CNKI, Wanfang, Vip and SinoMed was conducted to identify relevant qualitative studies. The search covered the period from establishing each database until July 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute criteria for qualitative research were utilised to evaluate the quality of the studies, and a thematic synthesis approach was employed to integrate the findings.

Results

A total of 15 studies were included, yielding four new integrated findings: (1) mixed attitudes of caregivers towards socially assistive robots, (2) perceived benefits of using socially assistive robots in people with dementia from caregivers, (3) realistic barriers in applying socially assistive robots for dementia care, and (4) future expectations for socially assistive robots from caregivers. Most caregivers actively embrace socially assistive robots, while a minority express concerns and doubts. These devices have significantly improved the psychological and physical conditions of people with dementia, concurrently reducing the burden for caregivers. However, the current models of these robots still exhibit several shortcomings and technical limitations, and caregivers maintain high expectations for their improvement.

Conclusion

During the implementation of socially assistive robots, the requirements and intentions of people with dementia and their caregivers must be addressed. This involves conducting essential knowledge dissemination and relevant educational activities to enhance user acceptance of these robotic assistants. Simultaneously, efforts should be made to improve the functionality and design aesthetics of these robots, refine the social support system and further enhance the quality of care for people with dementia while alleviating caregiver burden.

Registration

PROSPERO CRD42024511500.

Tweetable abstract

Socially assistive robots improve the well-being of people with dementia.