LEAGAN: A Decentralized Version-Control Framework for Upgradeable Smart Contracts

IF 5.8 2区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

IEEE Transactions on Services Computing Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI:10.1109/TSC.2025.3562323

Gulshan Kumar;Rahul Saha;Mauro Conti;William Johnston Buchanan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Smart contracts are integral to decentralized systems like blockchains and enable the automation of processes through programmable conditions. However, their immutability, once deployed, poses challenges when addressing errors or bugs. Existing solutions, such as proxy contracts, facilitate upgrades while preserving application integrity. Yet, proxy contracts bring issues such as storage constraints and proxy selector clashes - along with complex inheritance management. This article introduces a novel upgradeable smart contract framework with version control, named ”decentraLized vErsion control and updAte manaGement in upgrAdeable smart coNtracts (LEAGAN).” LEAGAN is the first decentralized updatable smart contract framework that employs data separation with Incremental Hash (IH) and Revision Control System (RCS). It updates multiple contract versions without starting anew for each update, and reduces time complexity, and where RCS optimizes space utilization through differentiated version control. LEAGAN also introduces the first status contract in upgradeable smart contracts, and which reduces overhead while maintaining immutability. In Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) experiments, LEAGAN shows 40% better space utilization, 30% improved time complexity, and 25% lower gas consumption compared to state-of-the-art models. It thus stands as a promising solution for enhancing blockchain system efficiency.

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LEAGAN：用于可升级智能合约的去中心化版本控制框架

智能合约是区块链等去中心化系统不可或缺的一部分，可以通过可编程条件实现流程自动化。然而，一旦部署，它们的不变性在处理错误或bug时带来了挑战。现有的解决方案（如代理契约）在保持应用程序完整性的同时促进了升级。然而，代理契约带来了诸如存储约束和代理选择器冲突之类的问题——以及复杂的继承管理。本文介绍了一种具有版本控制的新型可升级智能合约框架，名为“可升级智能合约（LEAGAN）中的去中心化版本控制和更新管理”。LEAGAN是第一个采用增量哈希（IH）和修订控制系统（RCS）的数据分离的去中心化可更新智能合约框架。它可以更新多个合约版本，而无需每次更新都重新开始，并降低了时间复杂性，并且RCS通过差异化版本控制优化了空间利用率。LEAGAN还引入了可升级智能合约中的第一个状态合约，在保持不变性的同时减少了开销。在以太坊虚拟机（EVM）实验中，与最先进的模型相比，LEAGAN的空间利用率提高了40%，时间复杂度提高了30%，气体消耗降低了25%。因此，它代表了一个有前途的解决方案，以提高区块链系统的效率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Services Computing COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

6.20%

发文量

278

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： IEEE Transactions on Services Computing encompasses the computing and software aspects of the science and technology of services innovation research and development. It places emphasis on algorithmic, mathematical, statistical, and computational methods central to services computing. Topics covered include Service Oriented Architecture, Web Services, Business Process Integration, Solution Performance Management, and Services Operations and Management. The transactions address mathematical foundations, security, privacy, agreement, contract, discovery, negotiation, collaboration, and quality of service for web services. It also covers areas like composite web service creation, business and scientific applications, standards, utility models, business process modeling, integration, collaboration, and more in the realm of Services Computing.