Preparation and performance study of multistage enhanced viscoelastic gel based on dynamic network structure

IF 5.3 2区化学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Journal of Molecular Liquids Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI:10.1016/j.molliq.2025.127586

Zhaonian Zhang , Lifeng Chen , Huiyong Zeng , Minghao Xue , Feiyang Huang , Weiwei Sheng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Polymer gels are widely used in oilfields for water-shutoff and enhanced oil recovery, but imparting self-healing capabilities while maintaining superior performance remains a significant challenge. In this study, a multistage enhanced intelligent gel based on a dynamic network structure was prepared, exhibiting high mechanical strength, strong adhesion, self-healing ability, and long-term stability. First, the gels with and without the addition of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy − Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM-EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) tests. The results showed that with the addition of PAC, the gel structure became more compact, the crosslinked network was more complete, significantly enhancing the mechanical strength of the gel, and promoting the formation of microcrystalline regions within the system, thereby further improving the overall performance of the gel. Subsequently, the thermal resistance and long-term stability of the gel were evaluated. The results indicated that the maximum thermal resistance of the gel system reached 237.9 °C, and it maintained good stability after aging at 140 °C for 90 days. In terms of mechanical strength, adhesion properties, and self-healing ability, the results showed that the maximum compressive strength of the gel reached 545.2 kPa, the storage modulus (G’) was 50.1 kPa, and the loss modulus (G’’) was 18.1 kPa. The mechanical strength of the healed gel was able to recover to more than 60 % of its original state after damage. Adhesion tests showed that the gel exhibited excellent adhesion properties to various materials, particularly with an adhesion strength of 63.7 kPa to the sand column. Finally, the results of core displacement experiments show that the gel has a breakthrough pressure of up to 9 MPa and a residual resistance factor of 796, and at the same time, the reservoir damage rate is less than 15 %, demonstrating excellent water shutdown capability and low damage characteristics for cores with different permeabilities. Therefore, this new type of smart gel provides a new technical method for water shutdown and oil recovery enhancement in oilfields.

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基于动态网络结构的多级增强粘弹性凝胶的制备及性能研究

聚合物凝胶广泛应用于油田，用于堵水和提高采收率，但在保持优异性能的同时赋予自愈能力仍然是一个重大挑战。本研究制备了一种基于动态网络结构的多级增强型智能凝胶，具有机械强度高、粘附力强、自愈能力强、长期稳定等特点。首先，采用扫描电镜-能谱仪（SEM-EDS）和x射线衍射仪（XRD）对添加聚合氯化铝（PAC）和未添加聚合氯化铝（PAC）的凝胶进行了分析。结果表明，PAC的加入使凝胶结构更加致密，交联网络更加完整，显著提高了凝胶的机械强度，促进了体系内微晶区域的形成，从而进一步提高了凝胶的整体性能。随后，对凝胶的耐热性和长期稳定性进行了评价。结果表明，凝胶体系的最大耐热性达到237.9℃，在140℃老化90 d后仍保持良好的稳定性。在机械强度、粘附性能和自愈能力方面，凝胶的最大抗压强度达到545.2 kPa，储存模量（G′）为50.1 kPa，损失模量（G′）为18.1 kPa。修复后的凝胶的机械强度可以恢复到原来损伤状态的60%以上。黏附试验表明，该凝胶与各种材料的黏附性能都很好，与砂柱的黏附强度达到63.7 kPa。岩心驱替实验结果表明，该凝胶的突破压力高达9 MPa，残余阻力系数为796，同时储层损伤率小于15%，对不同渗透率的岩心表现出优良的关水能力和低损伤特征。因此，这种新型智能凝胶为油田关水、提高采收率提供了一种新的技术手段。

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来源期刊

Journal of Molecular Liquids 化学-物理：原子、分子和化学物理

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

16.70%

发文量

2597

审稿时长

78 days

期刊介绍： The journal includes papers in the following areas: – Simple organic liquids and mixtures – Ionic liquids – Surfactant solutions (including micelles and vesicles) and liquid interfaces – Colloidal solutions and nanoparticles – Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals – Ferrofluids – Water, aqueous solutions and other hydrogen-bonded liquids – Lubricants, polymer solutions and melts – Molten metals and salts – Phase transitions and critical phenomena in liquids and confined fluids – Self assembly in complex liquids.– Biomolecules in solution The emphasis is on the molecular (or microscopic) understanding of particular liquids or liquid systems, especially concerning structure, dynamics and intermolecular forces. The experimental techniques used may include: – Conventional spectroscopy (mid-IR and far-IR, Raman, NMR, etc.) – Non-linear optics and time resolved spectroscopy (psec, fsec, asec, ISRS, etc.) – Light scattering (Rayleigh, Brillouin, PCS, etc.) – Dielectric relaxation – X-ray and neutron scattering and diffraction. Experimental studies, computer simulations (MD or MC) and analytical theory will be considered for publication; papers just reporting experimental results that do not contribute to the understanding of the fundamentals of molecular and ionic liquids will not be accepted. Only papers of a non-routine nature and advancing the field will be considered for publication.