Analyses of vacuum vessel pressure suppression system during divertor LOCA for Helium cooled pebble bed DEMO

IF 1.9 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Fusion Engineering and Design Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2025.115043

G. Mazzini , M. D'Onorio , D.N. Dongiovanni , J. Syblik

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

An important aspect under investigation for several years in the EU-DEMO reactor is the mitigation of hydrogen concentration - mainly tritium and deuterium - in the Vacuum Vessel (VV) and the surrounding volumes. This accumulation poses risks, including potential explosion hazards, which could damage confinement barriers. One of the possible solutions, applicable to both water and helium-cooled blanket concepts, involves the use of Passive Autocatalytic Recombines (PAR). These devices, representing a cross-cutting technology between fission and fusion facilities, are being considered for integration into the Vacuum Vessel Pressure Suppression System (VVPSS) and related systems.

This paper focuses on the hydrogen transport analysis, specifically the inVV tritium and deuterium inventory mobilization towards the VVPSS designed for - Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) concept for which a model was developed by means of MELCOR 1.8.6 for fusion applications. Previous work on the HCPB Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) analyses suggests that inert helium resulting from Helium coolant blowdown can significantly mitigate the risk of hydrogen deflagration. The paper explores a new scenario, the Divertor in-vessel LOCA, which may lead to increased hydrogen mass due to the water-metal reaction. The paper discusses the integration of PAR technology within the operational range of fusion devices, specifically focusing on its potential to recombine hydrogen within the Expansion Volumes.

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氦气冷却球床DEMO转向器LOCA过程中真空容器压力抑制系统分析

EU-DEMO反应堆数年来正在研究的一个重要方面是降低真空容器（VV）及其周围体积中的氢浓度（主要是氚和氘）。这种积累会带来风险，包括潜在的爆炸危险，可能会破坏隔离屏障。一种可能的解决方案，适用于水和氦冷却毯的概念，涉及使用被动自催化重组（PAR）。这些装置代表了裂变和聚变设施之间的交叉技术，正在考虑将其集成到真空容器压力抑制系统（VVPSS）和相关系统中。本文的重点是氢输运分析，特别是inVV氚和氘库存动员到为氦冷却球床（HCPB）设计的VVPSS概念，并利用MELCOR 1.8.6为聚变应用开发了一个模型。先前对HCPB冷却剂损失事故（LOCA）的分析表明，氦冷却剂排放产生的惰性氦可以显著降低氢爆燃的风险。本文探讨了一种新的场景，即导流器在容器内的LOCA，它可能由于水-金属反应而导致氢质量增加。本文讨论了PAR技术在聚变装置操作范围内的集成，特别关注其在膨胀体积内重组氢的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Fusion Engineering and Design 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

23.50%

发文量

275

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： The journal accepts papers about experiments (both plasma and technology), theory, models, methods, and designs in areas relating to technology, engineering, and applied science aspects of magnetic and inertial fusion energy. Specific areas of interest include: MFE and IFE design studies for experiments and reactors; fusion nuclear technologies and materials, including blankets and shields; analysis of reactor plasmas; plasma heating, fuelling, and vacuum systems; drivers, targets, and special technologies for IFE, controls and diagnostics; fuel cycle analysis and tritium reprocessing and handling; operations and remote maintenance of reactors; safety, decommissioning, and waste management; economic and environmental analysis of components and systems.