First partial pressure measurements using Optical Penning Gauge at the COMPASS tokamak

IF 1.9 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Fusion Engineering and Design Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2025.115033

V. Weinzettl , S. Vartanian , R. Dejarnac , M. Jerab , A. Havranek , F. Jaulmes , M. Dimitrova , D. Naydenkova , COMPASS team

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Abstract

The Optical Penning Gauge for partial pressure measurements has been successfully implemented in the lower high-field side diagnostic port of the COMPASS tokamak, demonstrating a cost-effective way for resolving deuterium and helium and enabling measurements on timescales of about ten milliseconds. The procedure of its implementation is described in detail. Calibration data for deuterium and helium are discussed, including the effect of deuterium pressure on the helium channel. Time-resolved measurements of the working gas (deuterium) and the main gaseous impurity (helium) show, how helium, used for glow discharge conditioning and typically amounting to 5 - 10 % in the shots, is released from the surface of the tokamak vacuum vessel and the plasma-facing components during the subsequent shot. Behavior of both gases in L-mode, ELM-free and ELMy H-mode regimes and even just after the main (high-current high-temperature) discharge is exemplified. Surprisingly long low-current after-discharges (2 - 3 kA, about 100 ms), predominantly in helium, were observed with the Optical Penning Gauge and confirmed with other diagnostics. Simulations of the breakdown and burn-through phase for COMPASS using the DYON code are introduced, showing reasonable agreement with the measured data.

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在COMPASS托卡马克上首次使用光学潘宁计测量分压

用于分压测量的光学潘宁计已经成功地在COMPASS托卡马克的低高场侧诊断端口中实施，展示了一种经济有效的方法来分辨氘和氦，并能够在大约10毫秒的时间尺度上进行测量。详细介绍了其实现过程。讨论了氘和氦的校准数据，包括氘压力对氦通道的影响。工作气体（氘）和主要气体杂质（氦气）的时间分辨测量显示，氦气用于发光放电调节，通常在射击中占5 - 10%，在随后的射击中如何从托卡马克真空容器表面和面向等离子体的组件释放。举例说明了两种气体在l模式、无elm和ELMy h模式下，甚至在主（大电流高温）放电后的行为。用光学潘宁计观察到放电后长时间低电流放电（2 - 3 kA，约100 ms），主要是在氦气中，并通过其他诊断得到证实。介绍了用DYON码对COMPASS的击穿和烧穿阶段进行仿真，结果与实测数据吻合较好。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Fusion Engineering and Design 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

23.50%

发文量

275

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： The journal accepts papers about experiments (both plasma and technology), theory, models, methods, and designs in areas relating to technology, engineering, and applied science aspects of magnetic and inertial fusion energy. Specific areas of interest include: MFE and IFE design studies for experiments and reactors; fusion nuclear technologies and materials, including blankets and shields; analysis of reactor plasmas; plasma heating, fuelling, and vacuum systems; drivers, targets, and special technologies for IFE, controls and diagnostics; fuel cycle analysis and tritium reprocessing and handling; operations and remote maintenance of reactors; safety, decommissioning, and waste management; economic and environmental analysis of components and systems.