Source-Detector Geometry Analysis of Reflective PPG by Measurements and Simulations

IF 2.7 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI:10.1109/OJEMB.2025.3546771

M. Reiser;T. Mueller;A. Breidenassel;O. Amft

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Goal: We investigate the effect of source-detector geometry, including distance and angle, on the reflective photoplethysmography (PPG) signal. Methods: A porcine skin phantom was used for laboratory measurements and replicated by Monte Carlo simulations. Variations in sensor geometry were analysed. Results: Laboratory measurements and Monte Carlo simulations showed agreement for various geometry settings. With decreasing negative sensor angle, the differential path length factor and the average maximum penetration depth increases. Conclusions: Our analyses highlight the influence of source-detector geometry on the PPG DC signal. Based on our analysis of penetration depth and optical path length, the geometry effects can be transferred to the PPG AC signal too. MC simulations provide an important tool to optimise PPG performance.

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基于测量和仿真的反射式PPG源探测器几何分析

目标：我们研究了光源-探测器几何形状（包括距离和角度）对反射式光心动图（PPG）信号的影响。方法：使用猪皮肤模型进行实验室测量，并对测量结果进行蒙特卡洛计算：使用猪皮肤模型进行实验室测量，并通过蒙特卡罗模拟进行复制。分析了传感器几何形状的变化。结果实验室测量结果和蒙特卡洛模拟结果表明，在不同的几何设置下，测量结果是一致的。随着传感器负角度的减小，差分路径长度系数和平均最大穿透深度也随之增加。结论：我们的分析强调了光源-探测器几何形状对 PPG 直流信号的影响。根据我们对穿透深度和光路长度的分析，几何效应也可以转移到 PPG 交流信号上。MC 模拟为优化 PPG 性能提供了重要工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL-

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

3.40%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： The IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology (IEEE OJEMB) is dedicated to serving the community of innovators in medicine, technology, and the sciences, with the core goal of advancing the highest-quality interdisciplinary research between these disciplines. The journal firmly believes that the future of medicine depends on close collaboration between biology and technology, and that fostering interaction between these fields is an important way to advance key discoveries that can improve clinical care.IEEE OJEMB is a gold open access journal in which the authors retain the copyright to their papers and readers have free access to the full text and PDFs on the IEEE Xplore® Digital Library. However, authors are required to pay an article processing fee at the time their paper is accepted for publication, using to cover the cost of publication.