Ultrasonic fatigue testing in hot hydrogen gas

IF 5.7 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Fatigue Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.108991

Michael Fitzka , Roman Morgenstern , Robert Willard , Andreas Hörauf , Philipp Koch , Bernd M. Schönbauer , Herwig Mayer

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Abstract

A novel ultrasonic fatigue testing setup has been developed for performing high and very high cycle fatigue tests in hot hydrogen gas at elevated pressures. The setup consists of a hydrogen pressure chamber containing the specimen, which is mounted and sealed at a node of the ultrasonic load train. Quenched and tempered 42CrMo4 steel is tested in hydrogen gas at 400 °C and 35 bar, as well as in hot air at 400 °C for comparison. Tests were performed at a load ratio of R = –1 with specimens containing artificial surface defects of ø100 µm to reduce scatter in fatigue lives. A fatigue limit is observed in hot air but not in hot hydrogen. Failures in hot hydrogen were found at 63 % of the lowest stress amplitude leading to failure in hot air. Fracture surfaces after testing in hot hydrogen appear rough and uneven with secondary cracks and small voids, whereas they are much smoother after fracture in hot air. Hydrogen embrittlement by hot hydrogen gas is clearly visible in ultrasonic fatigue testing, making this method highly useful for rapid material screening and comparison.

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热氢气超声疲劳试验

研制了一种新型的超声疲劳试验装置，可在高温高压下进行高循环和甚高循环疲劳试验。该装置由包含试样的氢气压力室组成，该压力室安装并密封在超声波负载序列的节点上。淬火和回火42CrMo4钢在400°C和35 bar的氢气中进行测试，以及在400°C的热空气中进行比较。试验在载荷比为R = -1的情况下进行，试样含有约100µm的人工表面缺陷，以减少疲劳寿命的分散。在热空气中观察到疲劳极限，而在热氢气中没有。在热氢气中，在最低应力幅值的63%处发现失效，导致热空气中失效。在热氢气中测试后，断口表面粗糙不平，有二次裂纹和小空隙，而在热空气中测试后，断口表面光滑得多。热氢气引起的氢脆在超声疲劳试验中清晰可见，使该方法对材料的快速筛选和比较非常有用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Fatigue 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

21.70%

发文量

619

审稿时长

58 days

期刊介绍： Typical subjects discussed in International Journal of Fatigue address: Novel fatigue testing and characterization methods (new kinds of fatigue tests, critical evaluation of existing methods, in situ measurement of fatigue degradation, non-contact field measurements) Multiaxial fatigue and complex loading effects of materials and structures, exploring state-of-the-art concepts in degradation under cyclic loading Fatigue in the very high cycle regime, including failure mode transitions from surface to subsurface, effects of surface treatment, processing, and loading conditions Modeling (including degradation processes and related driving forces, multiscale/multi-resolution methods, computational hierarchical and concurrent methods for coupled component and material responses, novel methods for notch root analysis, fracture mechanics, damage mechanics, crack growth kinetics, life prediction and durability, and prediction of stochastic fatigue behavior reflecting microstructure and service conditions) Models for early stages of fatigue crack formation and growth that explicitly consider microstructure and relevant materials science aspects Understanding the influence or manufacturing and processing route on fatigue degradation, and embedding this understanding in more predictive schemes for mitigation and design against fatigue Prognosis and damage state awareness (including sensors, monitoring, methodology, interactive control, accelerated methods, data interpretation) Applications of technologies associated with fatigue and their implications for structural integrity and reliability. This includes issues related to design, operation and maintenance, i.e., life cycle engineering Smart materials and structures that can sense and mitigate fatigue degradation Fatigue of devices and structures at small scales, including effects of process route and surfaces/interfaces.