Antichiral surface states and Su-Schrieffer-Heeger physics in rutile altermagnets

Abstract

We study surface states and domain wall bound states in altermagnets using a rutile-lattice tight-binding model of electrons coupled to a Néel order. We discover that two symmetry-protected Weyl nodal lines in the bulk band structure can give rise to unconventional antichiral surface states—surface states from opposite surfaces propagate in a manner, as opposed to the antiparallel manner for the more conventional chiral surface states. We also find that the antichiral surface states can be turned into chiral surface states upon changing the surface termination. The origin of the surface states, the dependence on the surface termination, and key features of domain wall bound states are explained using a map from the altermagnet to a family of a modified Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chain and the associated bulk-boundary correspondence. Our work reveals rutile altermagnets as a promising candidate among very few quantum materials that can support antichiral surface states. Published by the American Physical Society 2025