Analysis of the Impact of Interventions Based on Orem's Self-Care Model on the Balance and Motor Function of Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Abstract

Background and Purpose: The study investigates the effects of Orem's self-care model on balance and motor function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), aiming to enhance self-management abilities. Methods: Sixty-one PD patients were selected and divided into an experimental group (31 participants) receiving Orem's self-care interventions and a control group (30 participants) receiving standard care. The experimental group received Orem's self-care intervention, whereas the control group received standard care. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the third part of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) scores were recorded and analyzed for both groups before and after the nursing intervention. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between pre- and postintervention changes in BBS and UPDRS-III scores in the intervention group, considering factors, such as marital status, education level, place of residence, disease duration, and rehabilitation exercise participation. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly improved scores, with a BBS score of 34.81 ± 3.24 and a UPDRS-III score of 25.16 ± 5.49, compared with the control group, which had a BBS score of 29.54 ± 3.20 and a UPDRS-III score of 31.60 ± 7.69. The differences were statistically significant (t = 6.391, p < .001; t = 3.775, p < .001). Age and disease duration were negatively correlated with changes in BBS (ΔBBS) and UPDRS-III (ΔUPDRS-III), whereas education level showed a positive correlation with these changes. Implications for Practice: Incorporating Orem's self-care model into the nursing care of PD patients can lead to significant improvements in their balance and motor function.