A computed tomography-based deep learning radiomics model for predicting the gender-age-physiology stage of patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease

Abstract

Objectives

To explore the feasibility of using a diagnostic model constructed with deep learning-radiomics (DLR) features extracted from chest computed tomography (CT) images to predict the gender-age-physiology (GAP) stage of patients with connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD).

Materials and methods

The data of 264 CTD-ILD patients were retrospectively collected. GAP Stage I, II, III patients are 195, 56, 13 cases respectively. The latter two stages were combined into one group. The patients were randomized into a training set and a validation set. Single-input models were separately constructed using the selected radiomics and DL features, while DLR model was constructed from both sets of features. For all models, the support vector machine (SVM) and logistic regression (LR) algorithms were used for construction. The nomogram models were generated by integrating age, gender, and DLR features.

Results

The DLR model outperformed the radiomics and DL models in both the training set and the validation set. The predictive performance of the DLR model based on the LR algorithm was the best among all the feature-based models (AUC = 0.923). The comprehensive models had even greater performance in predicting the GAP stage of CTD-ILD patients. The comprehensive model using the SVM algorithm had the best performance of the two models (AUC = 0.951).

Conclusion

The DLR model extracted from CT images can assist in the clinical prediction of the GAP stage of CTD-ILD patients. A nomogram showed even greater performance in predicting the GAP stage of CTD-ILD patients.