Antibacterial TiO2 nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite loaded carboxymethyl cellulose bio-nanocomposite scaffold for wound dressing application

Abstract

One of the most promising new directions in addressing the shortcomings of traditional tissue substitutes for serious injuries was tissue engineering. This study details the development of an antibacterial nanocomposite scaffold using carboxymethyl cellulose incorporating TiO₂ nanoparticles and hydroxyapatite (TiO₂NP + HA@CMC) for wound dressing application to enhance skin tissue regeneration. FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, swelling, and degradation were among the several analyses used to thoroughly evaluate and characterise the TiO₂NP + HA@CMC scaffold and its predecessors. The scaffolds' abilities to inhibit bacteria as well as promote cell adherence and viability were investigated. The in-vitro analyses revealed that the addition of TiO₂NP + HA to the scaffold significantly improved its antibacterial properties as 7.70 ± 0.02 mm and 5.20 ± 0.06 mm inhibition zone against S.aureus and E.coli were observed. The swelling capacity and biodegradation of the TiO₂NP + HA@CMC scaffold was increased due to the presence of TiO₂NP and HA. In-vitro results demonstrated that the TiO₂NP + HA@CMC nanocomposite scaffold exhibited satisfactory biocompatibility and supported cell viability on normal human skin fibroblast cells. Moreover, in-vivo wound healing potential showing 100 % wound closure using TiO₂NP + HA@CMC nanocomposite scaffold as compared to 88.40 % of control sample, highlighting its potential for clinical applications.