Microwave-assisted synthesis of Nb2AlC MAX phase from aluminum-Nb2O5-carbon precursors

Abstract

In this work, the microwave synthesis of the Nb₂AlC MAX phase was undertaken using Nb₂O₅, Al, and C precursors. MAX phases constitute a novel family of ceramic-metallic compounds with a unique layered structure, exhibiting a combination of ceramic and metallic properties. The synthesis was carried out at a temperature of 1200 °C with a 2-h dwell time at the maximum temperature. Comprehensive structural and microstructural characterization employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques unambiguously confirmed the successful synthesis of the Nb₂AlC MAX phase with the desired crystallographic structure. The findings highlight the efficacy of the microwave synthesis approach for the fabrication of the Nb₂AlC MAX phase and elucidate the profound impact of temperature and dwell time on the synthesis process and the resultant product characteristics. This work represents a significant advancement in the optimization of MAX phase synthesis via the microwave route, emphasizing the critical influence of synthesis parameters on the production of advanced materials with tailored properties.