Biochar Effects on Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics During Co-Composting of Poultry Manure With Carbonized and Uncarbonized Organic Materials in Sub-Saharan Africa

IF 2.6 3区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1002/jpln.202300254

Delphine Manka'abusi, Volker Häring, Christoph Steiner, Stefanie Heinze, Abdul-Halim Abubakari, Edward Yeboah, Bernd Marschner

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Carbonized organic matter (biochar) and compost are both beneficial soil amendments and particularly meaningful for the restoration of degraded soils. Application of biochar adds stable carbon (C) but only little nitrogen (N) to the soil. Compost is rich in C and N, but losses of these elements during composting are large, and C stability is relatively low. The addition of biochar during composting has been reported to decrease N losses, accelerate the composting process, increase cation exchange capacity (CEC), and increase water-holding capacity compared to composting without biochar. However, C and N dynamics during biochar co-composting vary enormously depending on feedstock quality.

Aims

Therefore, the aims of this study were to find out if biochar addition will reduce C and N losses during composting of organic materials in a field trial in Sub-Saharan Africa or not.

Methods

Six compost treatments, among them three compost mixtures with biochars made from rice husks (cRH), corn cobs (cCC) and wood (cWO) or their un-carbonized feedstocks (RH, CC, and WO), were co-composted with poultry manure (15 vol-%) and rice straw (60 vol-%) in randomly allocated 1 m³ compost bins.

Results

After composting, biochar treatments had lower or similar C losses, lower contents of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), higher C decomposition rates, and higher or similar pH-values compared with their non-biochar treatments. Biochars that were stored in mesh bags during composting increased in DOC and effective CEC and decreased in surface area. Biochar retained N through accumulation and sorption of ammonium nitrogen (NH₄-N). Microbial biomass and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃-N) were similar among all treatments.

Conclusions

Overall, biochar positively affected C and N retention and compost quality.

Abstract Image

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生物炭对撒哈拉以南非洲地区禽粪与炭化和未炭化有机材料共堆肥过程中碳氮动态的影响

碳化有机质（生物炭）和堆肥都是有益的土壤改良剂，对退化土壤的恢复尤其有意义。施用生物炭给土壤增加了稳定的碳(C)，但只增加了很少的氮(N)。堆肥中含有丰富的C和N，但在堆肥过程中这些元素的损失较大，C的稳定性相对较低。据报道，与不添加生物炭的堆肥相比，在堆肥过程中添加生物炭可以减少N损失，加速堆肥过程，增加阳离子交换能力（CEC），增加持水能力。然而，在生物炭共堆肥过程中，C和N的动态变化取决于原料质量。因此，本研究的目的是在撒哈拉以南非洲的田间试验中，找出添加生物炭是否会减少有机材料堆肥过程中C和N的损失。方法将稻壳（cRH）、玉米芯（cCC）和木材（cWO）或其未碳化原料（RH、CC和WO）制成的生物炭与家禽粪（15 vol-%）和稻草（60 vol-%）混合制成6种堆肥处理，在随机分配的1 m3堆肥箱内共堆肥。结果堆肥后，与非生物炭处理相比，生物炭处理的C损失更低或相近，溶解有机碳（DOC）含量更低，C分解速率更高，ph值更高或相近。在堆肥过程中，储存在网袋中的生物炭的DOC和有效CEC增加，表面积减少。生物炭通过积累和吸附铵态氮（NH4-N）来保留氮。各处理间微生物量和硝态氮（NO3-N）相似。结论总体而言，生物炭对碳氮保持和堆肥质量有积极影响。

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来源期刊

Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

4.70

自引率

8.00%

发文量

审稿时长

8-16 weeks

期刊介绍： Established in 1922, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is an international peer-reviewed journal devoted to cover the entire spectrum of plant nutrition and soil science from different scale units, e.g. agroecosystem to natural systems. With its wide scope and focus on soil-plant interactions, JPNSS is one of the leading journals on this topic. Articles in JPNSS include reviews, high-standard original papers, and short communications and represent challenging research of international significance. The Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science is one of the world’s oldest journals. You can trust in a peer-reviewed journal that has been established in the plant and soil science community for almost 100 years. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (ISSN 1436-8730) is published in six volumes per year, by the German Societies of Plant Nutrition (DGP) and Soil Science (DBG). Furthermore, the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (JPNSS) is a Cooperating Journal of the International Union of Soil Science (IUSS). The journal is produced by Wiley-VCH. Topical Divisions of the Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science that are receiving increasing attention are: JPNSS – Topical Divisions Special timely focus in interdisciplinarity: - sustainability & critical zone science. Soil-Plant Interactions: - rhizosphere science & soil ecology - pollutant cycling & plant-soil protection - land use & climate change. Soil Science: - soil chemistry & soil physics - soil biology & biogeochemistry - soil genesis & mineralogy. Plant Nutrition: - plant nutritional physiology - nutrient dynamics & soil fertility - ecophysiological aspects of plant nutrition.