Monitoring of questing tick species distribution in Galicia, north-western Spain, over a period of 5.5 years

IF 1.7 Q3 PARASITOLOGY
María Vilá Pena , Inês Abreu Ramos , Génesis Bautista García , Elvira Íñiguez Pichel , Cristiana Cazapal Monteiro , José Ángel Hernández Malagón , Adolfo Paz Silva , Rita Sánchez-Andrade Fernández , María Sol Arias Vázquez
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Abstract

An active survey was performed by the Galician Vector Surveillance Network (ReGaViVec) to determine the distribution of questing tick species in the Autonomous Community of Galicia Galicia, north-western Spain. Monitoring of tick populations involved drag/flag sampling at 533 locations over a period of 5.5 years. The identification of tick species, sex, and stage was carried out according to morphological keys, and the results were analyzed considering three Köppen climate regions, i.e. Cfb (marine west coast climate), Csb (warm-summer Mediterranean climate), and Csa (hot-summer Mediterranean climate), season, environment (forest, rural, or urban), vegetation height (≤ 15 cm, 16–40 cm, and > 40 cm); and altitude (< 300 m, 301–500 m, 501–1000 m, and >1000 m). A total of 1378 ticks were collected at 260 locations: 62.92% in Csb, 24.38% in Cfb, and 12.70% in Csa. Of these, 2% were larvae, 45.2% were nymphs, and 52.8% were adults (58.3% females and 41.7% males). Six species were recorded, i.e. Ixodes ricinus (57.90%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) (26.05%), Dermacentor reticulatus (10.95%), Dermacentor marginatus (2.10%), Haemaphysalis sp. (2.61%), and Rhipicephalus bursa (0.36%). A seasonal pattern was recorded, with the relative abundance of I. ricinus and R. sanguineus (s.l.) peaking in spring-summer, and that of Dermacentor spp. and Haemaphysalis sp. peaking in autumn-winter. Significant differences were demonstrated in the species abundance distribution according to climate region, season, environment, and altitude. The highest tick abundance was recorded in summer, in rural areas, and at altitudes of < 300 m. Because most of the tick species present in the environment of Galicia have vectorial competence for emerging tick-borne pathogens, it is important to maintain research and coordination of tick surveillance practices in the region.

Abstract Image

在西班牙西北部加利西亚进行为期5.5年的蜱虫分布监测
加利西亚病媒监测网络(ReGaViVec)开展了一项积极调查,以确定西班牙西北部加利西亚自治区所调查蜱虫种类的分布。监测蜱虫种群包括在5.5年期间在533个地点进行拖/旗取样。根据形态学关键字对蜱类进行种类、性别和阶段的鉴定,并考虑3个Köppen气候区(Cfb(海洋性西海岸气候)、Csb(暖夏地中海气候)和Csa(炎热夏季地中海气候)、季节、环境(森林、农村或城市)、植被高度(≤15 cm、16 ~ 40 cm)和植被高度(≤15 cm、16 ~ 40 cm);40厘米);和海拔(<;300 m, 301 ~ 500 m, 501 ~ 1000 m和>;1000 m), 260个地点共捕获蜱1378只,其中Csb区62.92%,Cfb区24.38%,Csa区12.70%。其中,幼虫占2%,若虫占45.2%,成虫占52.8%,雌虫58.3%,雄虫41.7%。共捕获麻蜱(57.90%)、血头蜱(26.05%)、网状皮蜱(10.95%)、边缘皮蜱(2.10%)、血蜱(2.61%)、法氏鼻蜱(0.36%)6种。其中,蓖麻蠓和血蜱的相对丰度在春夏季节达到高峰,革蜱和血蜱的相对丰度在秋冬季节达到高峰。不同气候区域、季节、环境和海拔的物种丰度分布存在显著差异。蜱虫丰度最高的地区为夏季、农村地区和海拔高度。300米。由于加利西亚环境中存在的大多数蜱类具有传播新出现的蜱传病原体的媒介能力,因此保持该地区蜱类监测实践的研究和协调非常重要。
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3.60
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