Integrative omics analysis reveals the genetic basis of fatty acid composition in Brassica napus seeds

IF 10.1 1区生物学 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Genome Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI:10.1186/s13059-025-03558-x

Yuting Zhang, Yunhao Liu, Zhanxiang Zong, Liang Guo, Wenhao Shen, Hu Zhao

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Abstract

The fatty acid content represents a crucial quality trait in Brassica napus or rapeseed. Improvements in fatty acid composition markedly enhance the quality of rapeseed oil. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify quantitative trait locus (QTLs) associated with fatty acid content. We identify a total of seven stable QTLs and find two loci, qFA.A08 and qFA.A09.1, subjected to strong selection pressure. By transcriptome-wide association analysis (TWAS), we characterize 3295 genes that are significantly correlated with the composition of at least one fatty acid. To elucidate the genetic underpinnings governing fatty acid composition, we then employ a combination of GWAS, TWAS, and dynamic transcriptomic analysis during seed development, along with the POCKET algorithm. We predict six candidate genes that are associated with fatty acid composition. Experimental validation reveals that four genes (BnaA09.PYRD, BnaA08.PSK1, BnaA08.SWI3, and BnaC02.LTP15) positively modulate oleic acid content while negatively impact erucic acid content. Comparative analysis of transcriptome profiles suggests that BnaA09.PYRD may influence fatty acid composition by regulating energy metabolism during seed development. This study establishes a genetic framework for a better understanding of plant oil biosynthesis in addition to providing theoretical foundation and valuable genetic resources for enhancing fatty acid composition in rapeseed breeding.

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综合组学分析揭示了甘蓝型油菜种子脂肪酸组成的遗传基础

脂肪酸含量是甘蓝型油菜的一个重要品质性状。脂肪酸组成的改善显著提高了菜籽油的品质。在这里，我们进行了全基因组关联研究（GWAS），以确定与脂肪酸含量相关的数量性状位点（qtl）。我们共鉴定了7个稳定的qtl，并找到了两个位点，qFA。A08和qFA.A09.1，受到强烈的选择压力。通过转录组全关联分析（TWAS），我们鉴定了3295个基因，这些基因与至少一种脂肪酸的组成显著相关。为了阐明控制脂肪酸组成的遗传基础，我们在种子发育过程中结合了GWAS、TWAS和动态转录组学分析，以及POCKET算法。我们预测了六个与脂肪酸组成相关的候选基因。实验验证表明，BnaA09；PYRD BnaA08。PSK1 BnaA08。SWI3和BnaC02.LTP15正向调节油酸含量，负向影响芥酸含量。转录组谱对比分析提示BnaA09。PYRD可能通过调节种子发育过程中的能量代谢来影响脂肪酸组成。本研究为进一步了解植物油生物合成提供了遗传框架，并为油菜育种中提高脂肪酸组成提供了理论基础和宝贵的遗传资源。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Genome Biology Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Genetics

CiteScore

21.00

自引率

3.30%

发文量

241

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Genome Biology stands as a premier platform for exceptional research across all domains of biology and biomedicine, explored through a genomic and post-genomic lens. With an impressive impact factor of 12.3 (2022),* the journal secures its position as the 3rd-ranked research journal in the Genetics and Heredity category and the 2nd-ranked research journal in the Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology category by Thomson Reuters. Notably, Genome Biology holds the distinction of being the highest-ranked open-access journal in this category. Our dedicated team of highly trained in-house Editors collaborates closely with our esteemed Editorial Board of international experts, ensuring the journal remains on the forefront of scientific advances and community standards. Regular engagement with researchers at conferences and institute visits underscores our commitment to staying abreast of the latest developments in the field.