Clinical features of nivolumab-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: retrospective analysis based on case reports.

IF 5.7 2区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Frontiers in Immunology Pub Date : 2025-03-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1563100

Ronghui Li, Haibo Lei, Chunjiang Wang, Xiang Liu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Stevens - Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a life-threatening adverse reaction to nivolumab. This study investigated the clinical features of nivolumab induced SJS/TEN to provide evidence for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: Relevant articles on nivolumab induced SJS/TEN published before December 31, 2024 were collected by searching the database, and then extracting the data for summary analysis.

Results: Thirty-one patients were enrolled with a median age of 65 years (range 43, 86). SJS/TEN appear at a median of 5.5 weeks (range, 0.9 108). Bullae/blisters (64.5%), erythema (54.8%), skin rash (54.8%), epidermal detachment (29.0%) and pain (29.0%) were the main skin symptoms. Skin biopsy showed epidermal necrosis (41.9%), keratinocytic necrosis (38.7%), interface dermatitis (29.0%) and inflammatory cell infiltration (45.2%). After stopping nivolumab and receiving treatment, 74.2% of the patients had improvement in skin symptoms, and 22.6% of the patients died of TEN.

Conclusion: As a rare immune-related adverse event of nivolumab, SJS/TEN should be closely monitored during the treatment. Nivolumab induced SJS/TEN has a long incubation period, serious clinical symptoms and poor prognosis.

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Immunology IMMUNOLOGY-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

11.00%

发文量

7153

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Immunology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across basic, translational and clinical immunology. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. Frontiers in Immunology is the official Journal of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). Encompassing the entire field of Immunology, this journal welcomes papers that investigate basic mechanisms of immune system development and function, with a particular emphasis given to the description of the clinical and immunological phenotype of human immune disorders, and on the definition of their molecular basis.