Electric field promoted odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla by remodelling cytoskeleton

IF 7.1 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

International endodontic journal Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1111/iej.14213

Xiaolin Li, Sanjun Zhao, Yao Liu, Yu Gu, Lihong Qiu, Xu Chen, Alastair J. Sloan, Bing Song

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Abstract

Aim

This study examined the impact of direct current electric fields (DCEFs) on the biological properties of stem cells derived from the apical papilla (SCAP) and further elucidated the underlying mechanisms involved in odontogenic differentiation induced by DCEFs stimulation.

Methodology

The measurement of endogenous currents in wounded dentine was achieved using a non-invasive vibrating probe system. Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) systems were developed to apply DCEFs of varying strengths. The migration direction and trajectories of SCAP within DCEFs were analysed using time-lapse imaging. Cell proliferation was assessed through Hoechst staining and the CCK-8 assay. Changes in cell morphology, arrangement, and polarization were examined using fluorescence staining. The odontogenic differentiation of SCAP in vitro was assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), western blot analysis, alkaline phosphatase staining, and Alizarin Red S staining. In vivo evaluation was conducted through Haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry staining, and Sirius Red staining after transplantation experiments.

Results

Injured dentine demonstrated a significantly increased outward current, and DCEFs facilitated the migration of SCAP towards the anode. DCEFs at a magnitude of 100 mV/mm promoted SCAP proliferation, whereas DCEFs at 200 mV/mm enhanced both polarization and odontogenic differentiation of SCAP. The application of cytoskeletal polymerization inhibitors mitigated the odontogenic differentiation induced by DCEFs. In vivo studies confirmed that DCEFs promoted the differentiation of SCAP into odontoblast-like cells in an orderly arrangement, as well as the formation of collagen fibres and dentine-like tissue.

Conclusions

DCEFs of varying intensities exhibited an enhanced capacity for migration, proliferation, odontogenic differentiation, and polarization in SCAP. These findings provide substantial insights for the advancement of innovative therapeutic strategies targeting the repair and regeneration of immature permanent teeth and dentine damage.

Abstract Image

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电场通过重塑细胞骨架促进根尖乳头干细胞向牙源性分化。

目的：研究直流电场（DCEFs）对根尖乳头（SCAP）干细胞生物学特性的影响，并进一步阐明DCEFs刺激诱导成牙分化的潜在机制。方法：采用无创振动探针系统测量损伤牙本质内源电流。开发了二维（2D）和三维（3D）系统来应用不同强度的DCEFs。利用延时成像技术分析了SCAP在DCEFs内的迁移方向和轨迹。通过Hoechst染色和CCK-8法检测细胞增殖情况。荧光染色检测细胞形态、排列和极化的变化。采用定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）、western blot、碱性磷酸酶染色、茜素红S染色评价SCAP体外成牙分化情况。移植实验后通过血红素和伊红染色、免疫组织化学染色和天狼星红染色进行体内评价。结果：损伤的牙本质向外电流明显增加，DCEFs促进SCAP向阳极迁移。100 mV/mm的DCEFs促进SCAP的增殖，而200 mV/mm的DCEFs促进SCAP的极化和牙源性分化。细胞骨架聚合抑制剂的应用减轻了DCEFs诱导的牙源性分化。体内研究证实，DCEFs促进SCAP有序地向成牙细胞样细胞分化，并促进胶原纤维和牙本质样组织的形成。结论：不同强度的dcfs在SCAP中表现出增强的迁移、增殖、牙源性分化和极化能力。这些发现为发展针对未成熟恒牙和牙本质损伤的修复和再生的创新治疗策略提供了重要的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International endodontic journal 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

28.00%

发文量

195

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Endodontic Journal is published monthly and strives to publish original articles of the highest quality to disseminate scientific and clinical knowledge; all manuscripts are subjected to peer review. Original scientific articles are published in the areas of biomedical science, applied materials science, bioengineering, epidemiology and social science relevant to endodontic disease and its management, and to the restoration of root-treated teeth. In addition, review articles, reports of clinical cases, book reviews, summaries and abstracts of scientific meetings and news items are accepted. The International Endodontic Journal is essential reading for general dental practitioners, specialist endodontists, research, scientists and dental teachers.