Review of current knowledge about infections accompanied by paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia with emphasis on challenges regarding the treatment of refugees.

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-25 Epub Date: 2024-11-08 DOI:10.26444/aaem/195393

Paulina Miciuda, Marika Jerzak, Natalia Olbrot, Katarzyna Karska, Monika Lejman, Joanna Zawitkowska

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction and objective: Children suffering from cancer or other blood disorders have a good chance of recovery. Interruptions in treatment, however, may have a negative impact on the final outcome. External factors, such as evacuation from conflict zones, contribute to vulnerability to infections and constitute a factor for the discontinuation of therapy. The aim of the review is to present recent knowledge of catheter-related sepsis and tuberculosis (TB) in children with acute leukemia. The case is also presented of an adolescent male of Ukrainian origin. The study draws attention to the challenges in treating patients from other regions due to differences in health status.

Review methods: The article presents a rare case report connected with a literature review, based on the Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science databases from recent years.

Brief description of the state of knowledge: Many factors increase susceptibility to infections. Both leukemia itself as well as its intensive therapy influence immunosuppression. Invasive procedures disrupt physiological barriers. The presence of a central or peripheral catheter poses a main source of bloodstream infection. Deficiencies of immunity are conducive to reactivation of latent diseases such as TB, to which children are prone to develop severe forms. Therefore, treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in paediatric patients is crucial. In diagnosis, vigilance is particularly important in patients coming from high incidence regions with low vaccine coverage.

Summary: Discontinuation of therapy due to infection or other external circumstances may contribute to treatment failure. Early detection is significant to prevent complications of diseases and interruptions in chemotherapy. In medical care for immigrants, the epidemiological situation of the country of origin should be taken into account.

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回顾目前关于儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病感染的知识，重点是难民治疗方面的挑战。

简介和目的：患有癌症或其他血液疾病的儿童有很好的康复机会。然而，治疗的中断可能会对最终结果产生负面影响。外部因素，如从冲突地区撤离，使人容易受到感染，并成为停止治疗的一个因素。本综述的目的是介绍急性白血病患儿导管相关脓毒症和结核（TB）的最新知识。该病例还涉及一名乌克兰裔青少年男性。该研究提请人们注意，由于健康状况的差异，在治疗来自其他地区的患者时面临的挑战。综述方法：本文结合近年来谷歌Scholar、PubMed和Web of Science数据库的文献综述，报道一例罕见病例。对知识状况的简要描述：许多因素增加了对感染的易感性。白血病本身及其强化治疗都会影响免疫抑制。侵入性手术破坏了生理屏障。中心或外周导管的存在是血流感染的主要来源。免疫缺陷有利于潜伏性疾病的重新激活，如结核病，儿童容易发展成严重的形式。因此，治疗潜伏结核感染（LTBI）在儿科患者是至关重要的。在诊断中，对来自疫苗覆盖率低的高发地区的患者保持警惕尤为重要。摘要：因感染或其他外部情况而停止治疗可能导致治疗失败。早期发现对于预防疾病并发症和化疗中断具有重要意义。在为移民提供医疗服务时，应考虑到原籍国的流行病学情况。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： All papers within the scope indicated by the following sections of the journal may be submitted: Biological agents posing occupational risk in agriculture, forestry, food industry and wood industry and diseases caused by these agents (zoonoses, allergic and immunotoxic diseases). Health effects of chemical pollutants in agricultural areas , including occupational and non-occupational effects of agricultural chemicals (pesticides, fertilizers) and effects of industrial disposal (heavy metals, sulphur, etc.) contaminating the atmosphere, soil and water. Exposure to physical hazards associated with the use of machinery in agriculture and forestry: noise, vibration, dust. Prevention of occupational diseases in agriculture, forestry, food industry and wood industry. Work-related accidents and injuries in agriculture, forestry, food industry and wood industry: incidence, causes, social aspects and prevention. State of the health of rural communities depending on various factors: social factors, accessibility of medical care, etc.