The Path for Men from Young Adulthood Results of Cognitive Tests to Subclinical Atherosclerosis at Age 60: The Mediating Role of Socioeconomic Status, Lifestyle and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors-Results from a VIPVIZA Study.

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Reviews in cardiovascular medicine Pub Date : 2025-03-20 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI:10.31083/RCM26312
Margareta Norberg, Per Liv, Ulf Näslund, Per Wester, Elin M Andersson, Steven Nordin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The role of cognitive abilities in the development of arteriosclerotic disease is still not fully understood. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the mediating role of lifestyle, socioeconomic status (SES) and conventional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the association between cognitive ability at age 19 and subclinical atherosclerosis at age 60 years.

Methods: An observational study design was employed. Data on the results from cognitive tests of conscripts tested at age 19 were collected for 1009 men. At the age of 60, they were included in the trial VIsualiZation of asymptomatic Atherosclerotic disease for optimum cardiovascular prevention, which was conducted as part of the Västerbotten Intervention Program (VIPVIZA). VIPVIZA is a randomised controlled trial, aimed at primary prevention of CVD in Västerbotten County, Sweden. Prior to any intervention, they underwent carotid ultrasonography and CVD risk factor assessment. Lifestyle habits and marital status were self-reported, and education and urban or rural residency were registered. Crude associations between cognitive ability at age 19 and the risk of CVD, assessed with the European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation 2 (SCORE2), as well as subclinical atherosclerosis, as demonstrated by the presence of carotid plaques (no plaque, plaque unilateral, or plaque bilateral), were evaluated. A path-analytic model tested mediating factors from cognitive ability in young adulthood to subclinical atherosclerosis at age 60.

Results: Results from cognitive tests at age 19 were in separate unadjusted analyses inversely and linearly associated with SCORE2 and with subclinical atherosclerosis. The association with carotid plaque at age 60 was mainly indirect and mediated by adult SES, which in turn had its main effect through adherence to healthy lifestyle habits via CVD risk of carotid plaques.

Conclusions: Cognitive ability at age 19 is a factor that is upstream of adult SES and our study indicates that cognitive ability at a young age has long-term consequences via SES and lifestyle habits for CVD risk and atherosclerosis.

Clinical trial registration: NCT01849575, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01849575?term=NCT01849575&rank=1.

男性从青年期认知测试结果到60岁亚临床动脉粥样硬化的路径:社会经济地位、生活方式和心血管疾病危险因素的中介作用——来自VIPVIZA研究的结果
背景:认知能力在动脉硬化性疾病发展中的作用尚不完全清楚。本研究的目的是评估生活方式、社会经济地位(SES)和传统心血管疾病(CVD)危险因素在19岁认知能力与60岁亚临床动脉粥样硬化之间的关联中的中介作用。方法:采用观察性研究设计。收集了1009名19岁应征入伍者的认知测试结果数据。在60岁时,他们被纳入无症状动脉粥样硬化疾病可视化试验,以获得最佳的心血管预防,这是Västerbotten干预计划(VIPVIZA)的一部分。VIPVIZA是一项随机对照试验,旨在瑞典Västerbotten县的心血管疾病一级预防。在任何干预之前,他们接受了颈动脉超声检查和心血管疾病危险因素评估。生活习惯和婚姻状况均为自述,教育程度和城乡户籍均为登记。用欧洲系统性冠状动脉风险评估2 (SCORE2)评估19岁认知能力与CVD风险之间的粗略关联,以及亚临床动脉粥样硬化,如颈动脉斑块的存在(无斑块、单侧斑块或双侧斑块)。路径分析模型测试了从青年成年认知能力到60岁亚临床动脉粥样硬化的中介因素。结果:在单独的未调整分析中,19岁时的认知测试结果与SCORE2和亚临床动脉粥样硬化呈负相关和线性相关。60岁时颈动脉斑块的相关性主要是间接的,并由成人SES介导,而SES的主要作用是通过坚持健康的生活习惯来降低颈动脉斑块的CVD风险。结论:19岁时的认知能力是成人SES的上游因素,我们的研究表明,年轻时的认知能力通过SES和生活习惯对心血管疾病风险和动脉粥样硬化具有长期影响。临床试验注册:NCT01849575, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01849575?term=NCT01849575&rank=1。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Reviews in cardiovascular medicine
Reviews in cardiovascular medicine 医学-心血管系统
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
3.70%
发文量
377
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: RCM is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal. RCM publishes research articles, review papers and short communications on cardiovascular medicine as well as research on cardiovascular disease. We aim to provide a forum for publishing papers which explore the pathogenesis and promote the progression of cardiac and vascular diseases. We also seek to establish an interdisciplinary platform, focusing on translational issues, to facilitate the advancement of research, clinical treatment and diagnostic procedures. Heart surgery, cardiovascular imaging, risk factors and various clinical cardiac & vascular research will be considered.
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