A novel tobamo-like mycovirus with filamentous particles replicates in plant cells.

IF 4 2区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY
Meilian Hong, Fengjuan Tian, Zhenmei Song, Hongmei Liu, Yigang Tong, Tingting Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Parasitic and symbiotic plant-fungus relationships have existed for millions of years, and phylogenetic analyses of certain virus families indicate transmission between plants and fungi. A group of tobamo-like viruses from various fungi has recently been identified. Tobamo-like viruses are homologous to plant viruses of the Tobamovirus genus in the Virgaviridae family, but it was unknown whether they form typical virus particles and can replicate and exhibit cell-to-cell movement in plants. Here, a novel tobamo-like virus, Nigrospora aurantiaca tobamo-like virus 1 (NaTLV1), obtained from the phytopathogenic fungus Nigrospora aurantiaca, was characterized. Its genome (10,301 nucleotides) comprises four open reading frames (ORFs) and a poly(A) tail. ORF1 encodes a methyltransferase and helicase, and ORF2 encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which are closely related to proteins of Virgaviridae viruses. ORF3 encodes a putative movement protein, and ORF4 encodes a putative coat protein, which are closely related to proteins of Gammaflexiviridae and Betaflexiviridae viruses. NaTLV1 formed filamentous virus particles and could replicate in Nicotiana benthamiana. However, the cell-to-cell movement of NaTLV1 was not observed in N. benthamiana but could not be ruled out. NaTLV1 underwent horizontal and vertical transmissions via hyphal anastomosis and conidia, respectively. There were no significant differences in phenotype or virulence between NaTLV1-infected (A4) and NaTLV1-free (V1) N. aurantiaca strains. In general, our findings may be useful in elucidating the origination and evolution of tobamo-like viruses, plant virus families (Virgaviridae and Betaflexiviridae), and a fungal virus family (Gammaflexiviridae).IMPORTANCECross-kingdom infections involving plant- and fungal-associated viruses have been directly observed in nature, and some of these viruses share a high degree of genetic similarity. A group of novel tobamo-like viruses with nonsegmented single-stranded RNA genomes was recently isolated from diverse fungal groups. Here, we identified a novel virus, Nigrospora aurantiaca tobamo-like virus 1 (NaTLV1), in the phytopathogenic fungus Nigrospora aurantiaca. NaTLV1 was phylogenetically related to other tobamo-like viruses, plant-associated viruses in the Virgaviridae and Betaflexiviridae families, and fungus-associated viruses in the Gammaflexiviridae family. NaTLV1 formed filamentous virus particles and could replicate in Nicotiana benthamiana, but the cell-to-cell movement of NaTLV1 was not observed. This study provides potential insights into the origins and evolution of mycoviruses originating from plant viruses and indicates that tobamo-like viruses may have adapted to an intracellular lifestyle during evolution. The identification of novel tobamo-like viruses is crucial for understanding fungal and plant virus evolution.

一种具有丝状颗粒的新型托巴莫样分枝病毒在植物细胞中复制。
寄生和共生的植物-真菌关系已经存在了数百万年,某些病毒家族的系统发育分析表明植物和真菌之间的传播。最近从各种真菌中发现了一组类似于托巴莫病毒的病毒。托巴莫样病毒与处女病毒科托巴莫病毒属的植物病毒同源,但它们是否能形成典型的病毒颗粒并在植物中复制并表现出细胞间运动尚不清楚。本文报道了一种从植物病原真菌黑孢菌(Nigrospora aurantiaca)中获得的新型托巴莫样病毒——黑孢菌托巴莫样病毒1 (NaTLV1)。其基因组(10,301个核苷酸)由四个开放阅读框(orf)和一个聚(a)尾组成。ORF1编码甲基转移酶和解旋酶,ORF2编码RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶,与Virgaviridae病毒蛋白密切相关。ORF3编码一种推测的运动蛋白,ORF4编码一种推测的外壳蛋白,这两种蛋白与γ弯曲病毒科和β弯曲病毒科的蛋白密切相关。NaTLV1形成丝状病毒颗粒,并能在烟叶中复制。然而,在benthamiana中没有观察到NaTLV1的细胞间运动,但不能排除这种可能性。NaTLV1分别通过菌丝吻合和分生孢子进行水平和垂直传播。感染natlv1的菌株(A4)和未感染natlv1的菌株(V1)在表型和毒力上均无显著差异。总的来说,我们的发现可能有助于阐明托巴莫样病毒、植物病毒科(处女病毒科和Betaflexiviridae)和真菌病毒科(Gammaflexiviridae)的起源和进化。在自然界中已经直接观察到涉及植物和真菌相关病毒的跨界感染,其中一些病毒具有高度的遗传相似性。最近从不同真菌群中分离出一组具有非分段单链RNA基因组的新型托巴莫样病毒。本研究在植物病原真菌黑孢菌中鉴定出一种新的病毒——金黑孢菌烟巴样病毒1 (NaTLV1)。NaTLV1在系统发育上与其他托巴莫样病毒、Virgaviridae和Betaflexiviridae家族的植物相关病毒以及Gammaflexiviridae家族的真菌相关病毒有亲缘关系。NaTLV1可形成丝状病毒颗粒,并能在烟叶中复制,但未观察到NaTLV1在细胞间的运动。这项研究为了解源自植物病毒的分枝病毒的起源和进化提供了潜在的见解,并表明在进化过程中,多巴样病毒可能已经适应了细胞内的生活方式。新型托巴莫样病毒的鉴定对于了解真菌和植物病毒的进化至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Virology
Journal of Virology 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
7.40%
发文量
906
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Virology (JVI) explores the nature of the viruses of animals, archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and protozoa. We welcome papers on virion structure and assembly, viral genome replication and regulation of gene expression, genetic diversity and evolution, virus-cell interactions, cellular responses to infection, transformation and oncogenesis, gene delivery, viral pathogenesis and immunity, and vaccines and antiviral agents.
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