Implementation Science Methods, Challenges, and Associated Solutions: Transportable Lessons Learned and Best Practices From the Second National Meeting for Research and Community Collaboration Toward Ending the HIV Epidemic in the United States.

Abstract

Aim: To share insights on Implementation Science (IS) methods, challenges, solutions, and best practices derived from the second National Meeting for Research and Community Collaboration toward "Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) in the United States."

Methods: This 2022 hybrid, one-day conference featured presentations from 13 projects funded as NIH supplements to CFARs and ARCs between 2019 and 2022. Selected for their robust findings, projects were grouped into four topics: (1) community-based outreach strategies, (2) taking the clinic to the community, (3) strategies to improve clinical care, and (4) exploring intersectional vulnerabilities and social/structural determinants of health. Standardized presentation formats were used to ensure comparability in gathering insights on IS methodologies, challenges, solutions, and lessons learned. Structured breakout discussions advanced actionable recommendations. Rapid qualitative analysis summarized insights, emphasizing lessons transportability across diverse implementation contexts.

Results: Common IS methods included rapid qualitative analysis, usability testing, surveys, engagement logs, mapping, and administrative data analysis. Recurring challenges were identified, including pandemic-related disruptions, staff turnover, recruitment barriers, communication gaps, and variations in organizational capacity. Effective solutions involved leveraging community partnerships, providing digital tools, conducting flexible training, and securing funding for sustainability. Best practices emphasized early partner engagement, iterative design, equitable power-sharing with communities, and culturally tailored approaches.

Conclusions: Collaborative engagement with community partners, clinicians, and participants was pivotal to adapting and scaling interventions. Synthesizing transferable methodologies and lessons strengthens the framework for advancing HIV-related IS and achieving sustainable impact in diverse contexts.