Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in Ischemic Stroke: Roles in Neuroprotection, Tissue Regeneration, and Biomarker Potential.

IF 3.6 4区医学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI:10.1007/s10571-025-01551-3

Ceren Eyileten, Pamela Czajka, Izabela Domitrz, Agata Wierzchowska-Ciok, Aleksandra Gasecka, Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel, Anna Członkowska, Marek Postula

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most common causes of death and disability worldwide. Despite its prevalence, knowledge about pathophysiology and diagnostic methods remains limited. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are released from cellular membranes constitutively, as well as after activation or damage, may contain various intracellular particles, including microRNAs (miRNAs/miR). miRNAs acting as mRNA transcription regulators are secreted in EVs and may be internalized by other cells. This cellular cross-talk is important for the regeneration of the nervous tissue after ischemic injury. Moreover, miRNAs related to stroke pathophysiology were shown to be differentially expressed after an IS episode. miRNAs associated with various types of stem cell-derived EVs were shown to be involved in post-ischemic neuroprotection and tissue regeneration and may be potential therapeutic agents. Therefore, considering their stability in plasma, they are worth investigating also as potential diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers. The present review summarizes the current knowledge about EV-derived miRNAs in the neuronal injury mechanism and their potential in neuroprotection in IS, and discusses the possibilities of further investigation of their use in preclinical research.

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缺血性卒中中细胞外囊泡衍生的mirna：在神经保护、组织再生和生物标志物潜能中的作用。

缺血性中风（IS）是世界范围内最常见的死亡和残疾原因之一。尽管它很流行，但关于病理生理学和诊断方法的知识仍然有限。细胞外囊泡（EVs）从细胞膜上释放，激活或损伤后，可能含有各种细胞内颗粒，包括microrna （miRNAs/miR）。作为mRNA转录调节因子的mirna在ev中分泌，并可能被其他细胞内化。这种细胞间的相互作用对缺血性损伤后神经组织的再生具有重要意义。此外，与脑卒中病理生理相关的mirna在IS发作后表现出差异表达。与各种类型干细胞衍生的ev相关的mirna被证明参与缺血后神经保护和组织再生，可能是潜在的治疗剂。因此，考虑到它们在血浆中的稳定性，它们也值得作为潜在的诊断/预后生物标志物进行研究。本文综述了ev衍生的mirna在IS神经损伤机制中的作用及其在神经保护中的潜力，并讨论了其在临床前研究中的进一步研究的可能性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 生物-神经科学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

137

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology publishes original research concerned with the analysis of neuronal and brain function at the cellular and subcellular levels. The journal offers timely, peer-reviewed articles that describe anatomic, genetic, physiologic, pharmacologic, and biochemical approaches to the study of neuronal function and the analysis of elementary mechanisms. Studies are presented on isolated mammalian tissues and intact animals, with investigations aimed at the molecular mechanisms or neuronal responses at the level of single cells. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology also presents studies of the effects of neurons on other organ systems, such as analysis of the electrical or biochemical response to neurotransmitters or neurohormones on smooth muscle or gland cells.