Pulmonology: What You May Have Missed in 2024.

Abstract

The past year saw many important publications in the specialty of pulmonology. We screened more than 750 articles published in 2024 and carefully selected 10 that feature important advancements in the management of several respiratory conditions. We highlight 4 articles that describe management options for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) beyond pharmacotherapy, including breathing techniques, duration of long-term oxygen therapy, high-intensity compared with low-intensity noninvasive ventilation for exacerbations, and the potential harmful effect of gabapentinoids. Two articles delved into the evidence for various biologic therapies and inhaled relievers used in asthma. We include a randomized trial examining treatment of acute eosinophilic COPD and asthma exacerbations with benralizumab. One article explores dual glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists as a novel treatment option for obstructive sleep apnea. Another discusses the efficacy of inhaled antibiotics in bronchiectasis. Finally, a meta-analysis examines the evidence for postexposure prophylaxis antiviral agents to reduce transmission and severity of influenza infections.