Can Treatment with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescue the Degenerative Disc Phenotype? An in Vitro Pilot Study of Induced Cytokine Expression.

IF 4.9 1区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Jonathan Dalton, Rajkishen Narayanan, Robert J Oris, Teeto Ezeonu, Evan Bradley, Jose A Canseco, Alexander R Vaccaro, John D Koerner, Dessislava Markova, Christopher Kepler
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background context: Given the relatively low cell density in degenerative discs, strategies intended to bolster disc cellularity through stem cell injections have come into clinical use. Stem cell therapy is meant to provide a source of viable disc cells that can promote a healthy disc phenotype. Nevertheless, there is a limited understanding of the mechanisms through which stem cell therapy impacts degeneration.

Purpose: The objectives of this pilot study were: 1) to evaluate gene expression changes associated with an in vitro induced degenerative phenotype in human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, 2) to co-culture these degenerative NP cells with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and investigate the impact this has on gene expression, 3) to investigate possible mechanisms by which hMSCs may impact the degenerative phenotype.

Study design: Laboratory study.

Methods: NP cells were isolated and cultured from patients undergoing anterior lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative disc disease. A degenerative phenotype was induced in cultured NP cells by treatment with an inflammatory protocol (10pg/ml IL-1β and 100pg/ml TNF-α) for 7 days. Gene expression of Treated NP cells was compared to Untreated NP cells via reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. NP cells were then co-cultured with hMSCs in vitro and treated with the inflammatory protocol. Gene expression of Treated NP cells co-cultured with hMSCs was compared to Treated NP cells alone. Preliminary co-culture data demonstrated that IL-10 was uniquely and dramatically upregulated. Therefore, gene expression of Treated NP cells exposed to IL-10 for 24 hours was compared to Treated NP cells alone.

Results: Treated NP cells compared to Control NP cells showed upregulation of numerous pro-inflammatory cytokines, including CXCL5, IL-8, and IL-6 and downregulation of several anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10. After co-culture of Treated NP cells with hMSCs, a significant increase in gene expression was identified in IL-10 (+15.34 fold), BMP-6 (+2.32 fold), and LIF (+2.14 fold). A significant decrease in gene expression (p < 0.05) was seen in CCL7 (-2.03) and CXCL12 (-1.67). Exposure of Treated NP cells to IL-10 resulted in upregulation of COL-2 (+1.55 fold, p=0.013) and downregulation of IL-8 (-1.4 fold), CXCL-5 (-1.58 fold,), and MMP-3 (-2.02 fold).

Conclusion: This in vitro pilot study shows that co-culture of degenerative phenotype NP cells with hMSCs produces multiple gene regulatory changes associated with an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Additionally, exposure of degenerative phenotype NP cells to IL-10 produces gene regulation associated with both anti-inflammatory and pro-extracellular matrix effects.

Clinical significance: These findings provide mechanistic support for the use of stem cell therapy as a strategy to decrease the pro-inflammatory molecular environment associated with disc degeneration. Additionally, given the challenges with the viability of hMSCs in the disc microenvironment, IL-10 may be another potential candidate for future targeted therapies for disc degeneration.

人间充质干细胞治疗能拯救退变性椎间盘表型吗?诱导细胞因子表达的体外初步研究。
背景:考虑到退行性椎间盘的细胞密度相对较低,通过干细胞注射来增强椎间盘细胞密度的策略已经进入临床应用。干细胞治疗的目的是提供一个可行的椎间盘细胞来源,可以促进健康的椎间盘表型。然而,对干细胞治疗影响变性的机制了解有限。目的:本初步研究的目的是:1)评估与体外诱导的人髓核(NP)细胞退行性表型相关的基因表达变化,2)将这些退行性NP细胞与人间充质干细胞(hMSCs)共培养并研究其对基因表达的影响,3)研究hMSCs影响退行性表型的可能机制。研究设计:实验室研究。方法:从行前路腰椎椎间融合术治疗退行性椎间盘病患者中分离培养NP细胞。通过炎症方案(10pg/ml IL-1β和100pg/ml TNF-α)处理培养的NP细胞7天,诱导退行性表型。通过逆转录酶聚合酶链反应比较处理后的NP细胞与未处理的NP细胞的基因表达。然后将NP细胞与hMSCs体外共培养,并采用炎症方案处理。将处理后的NP细胞与hMSCs共培养的基因表达与单独处理的NP细胞进行比较。初步共培养数据表明,IL-10是唯一和显著上调。因此,将暴露于IL-10 24小时的NP细胞的基因表达与单独处理的NP细胞进行比较。结果:与对照NP细胞相比,经处理的NP细胞表现出多种促炎细胞因子的上调,包括CXCL5、IL-8和IL-6,以及几种抗炎细胞因子的下调,包括IL-10。经处理的NP细胞与hMSCs共培养后,IL-10(+15.34倍)、BMP-6(+2.32倍)和LIF(+2.14倍)的基因表达显著增加。CCL7(-2.03)和CXCL12(-1.67)基因表达量显著降低(p < 0.05)。处理后的NP细胞暴露于IL-10导致COL-2上调(+1.55倍,p=0.013), IL-8下调(-1.4倍),CXCL-5下调(-1.58倍,),MMP-3下调(-2.02倍)。结论:该体外实验表明,退行性表型NP细胞与hMSCs共培养可产生与抗炎表型相关的多种基因调控变化。此外,将退行性表型NP细胞暴露于IL-10会产生与抗炎和促细胞外基质作用相关的基因调控。临床意义:这些发现为使用干细胞治疗作为减少与椎间盘退变相关的促炎分子环境的策略提供了机制支持。此外,考虑到hMSCs在椎间盘微环境中生存能力的挑战,IL-10可能是未来椎间盘退变靶向治疗的另一个潜在候选者。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Spine Journal
Spine Journal 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
6.70%
发文量
680
审稿时长
13.1 weeks
期刊介绍: The Spine Journal, the official journal of the North American Spine Society, is an international and multidisciplinary journal that publishes original, peer-reviewed articles on research and treatment related to the spine and spine care, including basic science and clinical investigations. It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to The Spine Journal have not been published, and will not be simultaneously submitted or published elsewhere. The Spine Journal also publishes major reviews of specific topics by acknowledged authorities, technical notes, teaching editorials, and other special features, Letters to the Editor-in-Chief are encouraged.
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