CRISPR/Cas: A precise and advanced tool for quality trait improvement in crops

Abstract

A new era of agricultural biotechnology has been brought about by the development of CRISPR technology, which presents previously unheard-of possibilities for targeted genome editing and crop modification. This system enables targeted modifications in plant genomes, enhancing traits such as crop productivity, nutritional value, stress tolerance and resistance to disease and pests. Unlike conventional breeding or transgenic approaches, CRISPR/Cas allows for precise gene modification without introducing exogenous DNA, making it more sustainable method for crop improvement. It improving nutritional value by enhancing the biosynthesis of essential vitamins, minerals and proteins and also employed to reduce antinutritional factors in crops, making them healthier for consumption. Additionally, this technology facilitate the development of drought and salt tolerant crop by modifying gene associated with stress response pathways, ensuring stable production under adverse environmental conditions. Furthermore, disease resistance crop verities have generated by editing susceptibility gene or introducing resistance associated mutations, diminishing the demand of chemical pesticides. This technology also enhances post harvest quality by delaying fruit ripening, preventing spoilage and improving shelf life. Despite its potential, challenges such as regulatory hurdles, ethical concern and off target effect remain. However, continue advancement in genome technology are addressing these limitations, paying the way for CRISPR/Cas based crop improvement to play a crucial role in ensuring global food security. As this technology progresses, it offers a promising solution to meet the demand of a growing population while reducing environmental impact associated with traditional agricultural practices.